Observational studyAmerican journal of hypertension2017
Interarm Difference in Systolic Blood Pressure in Different Ethnic Groups and Relationship to the "White Coat Effect": A Cross-Sectional Study.
Observational study in American journal of hypertension, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutoffs for white-coat and masked blood pressure effects: an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring study.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Article
- Prevalence of interarm blood pressure difference is notably higher in women; the Viborg population-based screening program (VISP).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Inter-arm blood pressure difference and cardiovascular risk estimation in primary care: a pilot study.BJGP open · 2022Article
- Clinical relevance of double-arm blood pressure measurement and prevalence of clinically important inter-arm blood pressure differences in Indian primary care.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- Associations Between Systolic Interarm Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes and Mortality: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Development and Validation of a Prognostic Algorithm: The INTERPRESS-IPD Collaboration.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference and risk of cognitive decline in older people: a cohort study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020Article
- Blood pressure cutoffs for white-coat and masked effects in a large population undergoing home blood pressure monitoring.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Article
- Association of thyroid function with white coat hypertension and sustained hypertension.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Observational
- Detecting Risk Of Postural hypotension (DROP): derivation and validation of a prediction score for primary care.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInterarm differences (IADs) ≥10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (BP) are associated with greater incidence of cardiovascular disease. The effect of ethnicity and the white coat effect (WCE) on significant systolic IADs (ssIADs) are not well understood.
methodsDifferences in BP by ethnicity for different methods of BP measurement were examined in 770 people (300 White British, 241 South Asian, 229 African-Caribbean). Repeated clinic measurements were obtained simultaneously in the right and left arm using 2 BPTru monitors and comparisons made between the first reading, mean of second and third and mean of second to sixth readings for patients with, and without known hypertension. All patients had ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). WCE was defined as systolic clinic BP ≥10 mm Hg higher than daytime ABPM.
resultsNo significant differences were seen in the prevalence of ssIAD between ethnicities whichever combinations of BP measurement were used and regardless of hypertensive status. ssIADs fell between the 1st measurement (161, 22%), 2nd/3rd (113, 16%), and 2nd-6th (78, 11%) (1st vs. 2nd/3rd and 2nd-6th, P < 0.001). Hypertensives with a WCE were more likely to have ssIADs on 1st, (odds ratio [OR] 1.73 (95% confidence interval 1.04-2.86); 2nd/3rd, (OR 3.05 (1.68-5.53); and 2nd-6th measurements, (OR 2.58 (1.22-5.44). Nonhypertensive participants with a WCE were more likely to have a ssIAD on their first measurement (OR 3.82 (1.77 to -8.25) only.
conclusionsssIAD prevalence does not vary with ethnicity regardless of hypertensive status but is affected by the number of readings, suggesting the influence of WCE. Multiple readings should be used to confirm ssIADs.
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