ArticleBiology of sex differences2017
From sexless to sexy: Why it is time for human genetics to consider and report analyses of sex.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The systematic assessment of completeness of public metadata accompanying omics studies in the Gene Expression Omnibus data repository.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Characterizing the pathogenicity of genetic variants: the consequences of context.NPJ genomic medicine · 2024Article
- Analyses of nicotine metabolism biomarker genetics stratified by sex in African and European Americans.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Using the tools of genetic epidemiology to understand sex differences in neuropsychiatric disorders.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2020Review
- Article
- Age-specific genome-wide association study in glioblastoma identifies increased proportion of 'lower grade glioma'-like features associated with younger age.International journal of cancer · 2018Article
- Post-GWAS in Psychiatric Genetics: A Developmental Perspective on the "Other" Next Steps.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2018Review
- Ancestry-specific and sex-specific risk alleles identified in a genome-wide gene-by-alcohol dependence interaction study of risky sexual behaviors.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Science has come a long way with regard to the consideration of sex differences in clinical and preclinical research, but one field remains behind the curve: human statistical genetics. The goal of this commentary is to raise awareness and discussion about how to best consider and evaluate possible sex effects in the context of large-scale human genetic studies. Over the course of this commentary, we reinforce the importance of interpreting genetic results in the context of biological sex, establish evidence that sex differences are not being considered in human statistical genetics, and discuss how best to conduct and report such analyses. Our recommendation is to run stratified analyses by sex no matter the sample size or the result and report the findings. Summary statistics from stratified analyses are helpful for meta-analyses, and patterns of sex-dependent associations may be hidden in a combined dataset. In the age of declining sequencing costs, large consortia efforts, and a number of useful control samples, it is now time for the field of human genetics to appropriately include sex in the design, analysis, and reporting of results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.