ArticleOncotarget2017
Anti-tumor activity of an immunotoxin (TGFα-PE38) delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Salmonella as an immune-metabolic modulator of the tumor microenvironment.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Review
- Living Microbial Drugs.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Programmable microbial therapeutics: advances in engineered bacteria for targeted in vivo delivery and precision medicine.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Antitumor immunotoxin expression is enhanced by Escherichia coli csrB-promoter activity.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Tumor-specific cytokine therapy mediated by engineered Salmonella with a synthetic protein delivery system.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Optimization Strategies and Synergistic Applications of EngineeredInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The ladder of regulatory stringency and balance: an application to the US FDA's regulation of bacterial live therapeutics.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- TGFα controls checkpoints in CNS resident and infiltrating immune cells to promote resolution of inflammation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Unlocking the potential of engineered microbes in immunotoxin-based cancer therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Liposomal Nanoformulation-encapsulated Paclitaxel for Reducing Chemotherapy Side Effects in Lung Cancer Treatments: Recent Advances and Future Outlooks.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Controlling tumor progression and recurrence in mice through combined treatment with a PD-L1 inhibitor and a designerActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- Bacterial live therapeutics for human diseases.Molecular systems biology · 2024Review
- A Review of the Use of Native and Engineered Probiotics for Colorectal Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Enhancing tumor-specific recognition of programmable synthetic bacterial consortium for precision therapy of colorectal cancer.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Research and application of intelligent diagnosis and treatment engineering bacteria.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Constitutive Expression of a Cytotoxic Anticancer Protein in Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria.Cancers · 2023Article
- Bacterial immunotherapy: is it a weapon in our arsenal in the fight against cancer?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Recombinant AttenuatedCancers · 2022Review
- Genetically engineered bacterium: Principles, practices, and prospects.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The anticancer strategy underlying the use of immunotoxins is as follows: the cancer-binding domain delivers the toxin to a cancer cell, after which the toxin enters and kills the cell. TGFα-PE38 is an immunotoxin comprising transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), a natural ligand of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) lacking N terminal cell-binding domain, a highly potent cytotoxic protein moiety. Tumor cells with high level of EGFR undergo apoptosis upon treatment with TGFα-PE38. However, clinical trials demonstrated that this immunotoxin delivered by an intracerebral infusion technique has only a limited inhibitory effect on intracranial tumors mainly due to inconsistent drug delivery. To circumvent this problem, we turned to tumor-seeking bacterial system. Here, we engineered Salmonella typhimurium to selectively express and release TGFα-PE38. Engineered bacteria were administered to mice implanted with mouse colon or breast tumor cells expressing high level of EGFR. We observed that controlled expression and release of TGFα-PE38 from intra-tumoral Salmonellae by either an engineered phage lysis system or by a bacterial membrane transport signal led to significant inhibition of solid tumor growth. These results demonstrated that delivery by tumor-seeking bacteria would greatly augment efficacy of immunotoxin in cancer therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.