Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28473513›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2017

Why are there discrepancies between depressed patients' Global Rating of Change and scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module? A qualitative study of primary care in England.

Jude Robinson, Naila Khan, Louise Fusco, Alice Malpass, Glyn Lewis, Christopher Dowrick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Improvements in health-related quality of life with esketamine nasal spray versus quetiapine extended release.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jude RobinsonDepartment of Sociology, Social Policy and Criminology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Naila KhanDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Louise FuscoDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Alice MalpassSchool of Social and Community Based Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Glyn LewisDepartment of Mental Health Sciences Unit, UCL Psychiatric Epidemiology, London, UK.
Christopher DowrickDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Funding

Department of Health RP-PG-0610-10048
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesOur aims were to investigate discrepancies between depressed patients' GlobalRating of Change (GRC) and scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9). Our objectives were to ascertain patients' views on the source and meaning of mismatches and assess their clinical significance.

designQualitative study nested within a cohort, in a programme investigating the indications for prescribing antidepressants that will lead to a clinical benefit.

settingPrimary care practices in north-west England.

participantsWe invited 32 adults with a recent diagnosis of depression and evidence of mismatch between GRC and PHQ-9 Scores to participate. Of these, 29 completed our interviews; most were women, identified as white British, had high school education or higher, were employed or retired and had been depressed for a long time. MAIN MEASURES: We conducted semistructured interviews with a topic guide, focusing on experiences of depression; treatment experiences and expectations; effectiveness of the questionnaires; reasons for the mismatch; and social factors. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis.

resultsWe identified four themes as explanations for mismatch between GRC and PHQ-9: perceptions that GRC provided a more accurate assessment of current mental state than PHQ-9; impact of recent negative or positive life events on either measure; personal understanding of depression as normally fluctuating, and tendency to underscore on PHQ-9 as a means of self-motivation; and lack of recall.

conclusionsThe combined used of the PHQ-9 and a more open question better captures the patient's unique experiences of mental health. This approach ascertains the relevance of symptoms to the individual's experience and influences treatment decisions. STUDY REGISTRATION: This study was an element of NIHR Programme Grant RP-PG 0610 10048.

Indexed as

Patient Health QuestionnairePrimary Health CareQualitative ResearchAdultAntidepressive AgentsData Interpretation, StatisticalDepressionEnglandFemaleHealth Care SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient SatisfactionPractice Patterns, Physicians'Reproducibility of ResultsAntidepressive Agentsdepressiondiagnosismismatchpatient perspectivesPHQ-9PRIMARY CARE

Identifiers

PMID28473513
PMCPMC5566896

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.