ReviewInternational journal of tryptophan research : IJTR2017
Kynurenine Pathway of Tryptophan Metabolism: Regulatory and Functional Aspects.
Review in International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 710 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
710 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,078 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Metabolomic insights into late-life depression: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Four-week supplementation with a blackcurrant formulation enhances cognitive performance, reduces mental fatigue and modulates peripheral monoamine metabolism in older adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Effect of hormone therapy on tryptophan metabolism and atherosclerosis among postmenopausal women.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2025Trial
- Reshaping the tumor microenvironment of cold soft-tissue sarcomas with anti-angiogenics: a phase 2 trial of regorafenib combined with avelumab.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Trial
- Decoding the urinary metabolome of aromatic amino acid pathways in Alport syndrome.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Emerging links between gut dysbiosis, aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation, and Parkinson's disease.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Vicarious defeat stress (VDS) is not a simple substitute for chronic social defeat stress (CSDS): a comparative study on behavioral and molecular mechanisms in both stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Article
- Allostatic and Circadian Drives in Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Depressive Episodes or with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Versus Healthy Controls: Neuroendocrine Comparison Through Cortisol and 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Overnight Urine Excretion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Closed-Loop Neuromodulation for Brain Fatigue: From Real-Time Biomarkers to Adaptive Intervention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease: Mechanisms, assessment, and management strategies.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- Sex-specific association of IDO1 gene with schizophrenia and imbalanced levels of cytokines and neuroactive kynurenine metabolites in relapsed patients.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Tryptophan metabolism in tumor microenvironment and therapeutic implications.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- PMiScience · 2026Review
- Dietary Tryptophan Allocation in Depression: Serotonin-Kynurenine Balance, Microbial Indole Pathways, and Inflammatory Phenotypes.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway in Tuberculosis: Focus on Immunometabolic Regulation, Compartment-Specific Biology, and Therapeutic Potential.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Targeting tryptophan metabolism in breast cancer immunotherapy: Recent advances and future prospects.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Human IDO2 exhibits unique binding affinities distinct to those of human IDO1.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
650 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regulatory and functional aspects of the kynurenine (K) pathway (KP) of tryptophan (Trp) degradation are reviewed. The KP accounts for ~95% of dietary Trp degradation, of which 90% is attributed to the hepatic KP. During immune activation, the minor extrahepatic KP plays a more active role. The KP is rate-limited by its first enzyme, Trp 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), in liver and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) elsewhere. TDO is regulated by glucocorticoid induction, substrate activation and stabilization by Trp, cofactor activation by heme, and end-product inhibition by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate). IDO is regulated by IFN-γ and other cytokines and by nitric oxide. The KP disposes of excess Trp, controls hepatic heme synthesis and Trp availability for cerebral serotonin synthesis, and produces immunoregulatory and neuroactive metabolites, the B
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.