ArticlePloS one2017
Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in northeast of Iran: Results of the Golestan cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexually dimorphic response to tobacco in the development of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.BMC nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Global health inequalities of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Pooled it
- The effectiveness of Melissa officinalis L. essential oil inhalation on anxiety and symptom burden of hemodialysis patients: a randomized trial study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Trial
- Comparing Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Epoetin Beta and Epoetin Alfa in the Treatment of Anemia in End-Stage Renal Disease Hemodialysis Patients.American journal of nephrology · 2018Trial
- Development and evaluation of a clinical dashboard for nephrology inpatients: a pilot study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and economic burden of end-stage kidney disease by age, gender, and province among Iranian Hajj pilgrims in 2012-22: a retrospective study of 469,581 participants.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Effects of attending and telenursing interventions on caring burden in family caregivers of hemodialysis patients: A comparative study in Iran.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among the Diabetic and Prediabetic Population in the Bandare-Kong Cohort Study; A Population-Based Study.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2024Article
- Efficacy of CHAHeliyon · 2024Article
- Community pharmacist-led point-of-care eGFR screening: early detection of chronic kidney disease in high-risk patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence and incidence of decreased glomerular filtration rate and its variation over 6 years: Cohort study SABE 2010-2016.PloS one · 2024Article
- The national trend of the burden of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Iran from 1990 to 2019.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Opium as a risk factor for early-onset coronary artery disease: Results from the Milano-Iran (MIran) study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Trends of national and sub-national burden attributed to kidney dysfunction risk factor in Iran: 1990-2019.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Article
- Impact of social and clinical factors on the diagnostic delay of chronic kidney disease: an evaluation study.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Metabolic obesity phenotypes and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study from the RaNCD cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Prevalence of chronic kidney diseases and its determinants among Iranian adults: results of the first phase of Shahedieh cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Middle Eastern Country: Performance of the Globorisk and Score Functions in Four Population-Based Cohort Studies of Iran.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally in particular in fast emerging economies such as Iran. Population-based studies on prevalence of CKD in Iran are scarce. The objective of the current study was to explore the prevalence and determinants of CKD in the setting of Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), the largest prospective cohort in the Middle East.
methodsIn this observational study, 11,409 participants enrolled in the second phase of GCS were included. Sex, age, literacy, residence, anthropometric measurements, smoking, opium use, self-reported history of cardiovascular diseases (heart disease and/or stroke), hypertension, diabetes, and lipid profile were the predictors of interest. The outcomes of interest were eGFR and CKD defined as eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2.
resultsMean (SD) of GFR was 70.0 ± 14.7 ml/min/1.73m2 among all participants, 68.2 ± 14.2 among women, and 72.0 ± 15.0 among men. Prevalence of CKD was 23.7% (26.6% in women, 20.6% in men). The prevalence of CKD stages 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 were 20.0%, 3.3%, 0.4% and 0.1%, respectively. Female sex, older age, urban residence, history of CVD, hypertension or diabetes, larger body mass and surrogates of body fat and opium use were all associated with CKD. Opium had a significant positive association with CKD in adjusted model. All anthropometric measurements had positive linear association with CKD. Being literate had inverse association. Sex had significant interaction with anthropometric indices, with higher odds ratios among men compared with women. A significantly high association was observed between the rate of change in waist circumference and systolic blood pressure with risk of CKD.
conclusionOne in four people in this cohort had low eGFR. Obesity and overweight, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for CKD. Halting the increase in waist circumference and blood pressure may be as important as reducing the current levels.
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