Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28467422›Full record

ArticlePloS one2017

The mitochondrial ancestor of bonobos and the origin of their major haplogroups.

Hiroyuki Takemoto, Yoshi Kawamoto, Shoko Higuchi, Emiko Makinose, John A Hart, Térese B Hart, Tetsuya Sakamaki, Nahoko Tokuyama, Gay E Reinartz, Patrick Guislain and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Hiroyuki TakemotoPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
Yoshi KawamotoPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
Shoko HiguchiPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
Emiko MakinosePrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
John A HartLukuru Foundation, Projet Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba (TL2), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Térese B HartLukuru Foundation, Projet Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba (TL2), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Tetsuya SakamakiPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
Nahoko TokuyamaPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.
Gay E ReinartzBonobo and Congo Biodiversity Initiative, Zoological Society of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Patrick GuislainBonobo and Congo Biodiversity Initiative, Zoological Society of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Jef DupainAfrican Wildlife Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya.
Amy K CobdenDepartment of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Mbangi N MulavwaResearch Center for Ecology and Forestry, Ministry of high Education and Scientific Research, Mabali, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Kumugo YangozeneResearch Center for Ecology and Forestry, Ministry of high Education and Scientific Research, Mabali, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Serge DarrozeConsultant Biodiversity, Sustainable Use of Natural Resources, Protected Areas Management and Adaptation to Climate Change, Bangkok, Thailand.
Céline DevosDepartment of Behavioral Biology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Takeshi FuruichiPrimate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report here where the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of bonobos (Pan paniscus) ranged and how they dispersed throughout their current habitat. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecular dating to analyze the time to MRCA (TMRCA) and the major mtDNA haplogroups of wild bonobos were performed using new estimations of divergence time of bonobos from other Pan species to investigate the dispersal routes of bonobos over the forest area of the Congo River's left bank. The TMRCA of bonobos was estimated to be 0.64 or 0.95 million years ago (Ma). Six major haplogroups had very old origins of 0.38 Ma or older. The reconstruction of the ancestral area revealed the mitochondrial ancestor of the bonobo populations ranged in the eastern area of the current bonobos' habitat. The haplogroups may have been formed from either the riparian forests along the Congo River or the center of the southern Congo Basin. Fragmentation of the forest refugia during the cooler periods may have greatly affected the formation of the genetic structure of bonobo populations.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularHaplotypesAnimalsDNA, MitochondrialPan paniscusPhylogenyDNA, Mitochondrial

Identifiers

PMID28467422
PMCPMC5414932

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.