ArticlePLoS biology2017
The co-production of what? Knowledge, values, and social relations in health care.
Article in PLoS biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Characteristics of the Competency Ethical Principles for the Nurse Manager: A Systematic Review.Journal of nursing management · 2025Pooled it
- What Do We Know About Sharing Power in Co-Production in Mental Health Research? A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- Measurement and outcomes of co-production in health and social care: a systematic review of empirical studies.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Co-Production within Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Community exchange and time currencies: a systematic and in-depth thematic review of impact on public health outcomes.Public health · 2020Pooled it
- Using Paulo Freire's philosophy to share power: early insights from planning for the co-production of knowledge in research.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Review
- Using informal caregivers' experience data to inform quality improvement in healthcare settings: a mixed-methods systematic review.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Tensions as productive forces in coproduced mental health research: an explorative qualitative study.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- Tensions in patient involvement and engagement in health research and development: a qualitative interview study with key actors.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- Assessing Cultural, Religious, and Spiritual Confidence and Perceived Preparedness in Community Palliative and End-of-Life Care: A Service Evaluation.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Embedding Multiperspective Reflections in Co-Producing a Training Intervention for Care Home Staff: Understanding Group Members' Journeys and Impacts.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Theorizing How Context Influences School-Based Interventions That Support Children's Weight Management: Co-Producing a Refined Logic Model.Journal of participatory medicine · 2026Article
- Can co-designing interventions with affected communities help prevent violence against women? Findings from a process evaluation of the E le Saua le Alofa (Love Shouldn't Hurt) pilot in Samoa.Health policy and planning · 2026Article
- Coproducing an Online Platform for People With Long-Term Physical Health Conditions: Development and Usability Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Scaling up an integrated primary mental health screening programme in South Africa through co-development and continuous quality improvement.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Patient and public involvement, engagement, and participation in practice: co-production of a creative health approach and theory of change through the ReCITE consortium-building project in Liverpool.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- Co-creation in research, policy engagement and advocacy: Lessons and limits from two decades of practice at the African Population and Health Research Center.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- A case study of partnership in practice: challenges and insights in the development of an academic-community coalition "The Migrant Health Community Research Network".Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
- Co-production with marginalised workers: working with homecare workers and managers caring for people approaching end-of-life.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
"Co-production" is becoming an increasingly popular term in policymaking, governance, and research. While the shift from engagement and involvement to co-production in health care holds the promise of revolutionising health services and research, it is not always evident what counts as co-production: what is being produced, under what circumstances, and with what implications for participants. We discuss these questions and propose that co-production can be understood as an exploratory space and a generative process that leads to different, and sometimes unexpected, forms of knowledge, values, and social relations. By opening up this discussion, we hope to stimulate future debates on co-production as well as draw out ways of thinking differently about collaboration and participation in health care and research. Part of the title of this article is inspired by the book "The Social Construction of What?" by Ian Hacking (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2000).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.