ArticleNature communications2017
The comparative immunology of wild and laboratory mice, Mus musculus domesticus.
Article in Nature communications, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
173 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Preclinical Evaluation of Bacterial Lysates in Murine Disease Models: A Systematic Review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of innate immunity on malaria parasite infection dynamics in rodent models.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Total Immunoglobulin G Variation Through the Phenological Cycle of Migrant and Resident Lesser Long-Nosed Bats (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae) in the Drylands of Mexico and Its Relationship With Bacterial Killing-Ability of Plasma.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Climate-driven host ecology as a framework for zoonotic disease risk: Understanding transferability across arenavirus systems.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Macrophage heterogeneity in human secondary lymphoid organs.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Comparative Analysis of Leukocyte Proportions and Morphology in Wild Muridae and Arvicolinae Rodents.Biology · 2026Article
- A host-adapted commensal fungus from pet store mice drives type 2 immunity and cross-kingdom protection.iScience · 2026Article
- A Bacterial Microbiome Is Dispensable for the Induction of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Going wild: prioritizing experimental models of rodent-borne viruses to decode zoonotic spillover and pandemic risk.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Differential assembly of mouse and human tumor microenvironments.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- T-cell distribution in the dorsal root ganglion across species, sex, and age.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characterisation of bacteria-induced colitis and its modulation by probiotics in naked mole rats: a new mammalian model for acute inflammatory disease.The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Optimization of Preclinical Rodent Research Models of Human Shock: Part One Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
- Eco-tank Housing Maintains Wild-Type Microbiota and Rewilds the Laboratory Mouse Gut Microbiome to Restore Natural Immune Tone.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Single-Cell Profiling of Splenic Immune Ageing and Chronic Stress Adaptations in Mice With Natural Microbiota.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Wild-Derived House Mice (Mus musculus) Are Able to Cope With a Constant Light Environment.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- IL17FMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- A host-adapted commensal fungus from pet store mice drives type 2 immunity and cross-kingdom protection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Out of the shed and into the field: an immune toolkit for measuring wild ungulate immune phenotypes at multiple scales.Discovery immunology · 2026Article
113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The laboratory mouse is the workhorse of immunology, used as a model of mammalian immune function, but how well immune responses of laboratory mice reflect those of free-living animals is unknown. Here we comprehensively characterize serological, cellular and functional immune parameters of wild mice and compare them with laboratory mice, finding that wild mouse cellular immune systems are, comparatively, in a highly activated (primed) state. Associations between immune parameters and infection suggest that high level pathogen exposure drives this activation. Moreover, wild mice have a population of highly activated myeloid cells not present in laboratory mice. By contrast, in vitro cytokine responses to pathogen-associated ligands are generally lower in cells from wild mice, probably reflecting the importance of maintaining immune homeostasis in the face of intense antigenic challenge in the wild. These data provide a comprehensive basis for validating (or not) laboratory mice as a useful and relevant immunological model system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.