ReviewThe British journal of radiology2017
External radiotherapy and brachytherapy in the management of extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: available evidence.
Review in The British journal of radiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Chinese national clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract cancers.Chinese medical journal · 2024Guideline
- Role of adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy for resected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a meta-analysis.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2020Pooled it
- S100A10 promotes glycolysis and malignant progression of CCA by activating the HK2/ERK signaling pathway.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Article
- Advances in targeted therapy of cholangiocarcinoma.Annals of medicine · 2024Review
- Iodine-125 brachytherapy in inoperable duodenal papilla carcinoma: a case report series.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Analysis of the efficacy and factors influencing survival of adjuvant radiotherapy for stage II-III biliary tract carcinoma.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- Actual over 3-year survival after stereotactic body radiation therapy in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Review
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival with unresected cholangiocarcinoma undergoing external radiotherapy.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The focus clinical research in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.European journal of medical research · 2022Review
- Role of intraluminal brachytherapy in palliation of biliary obstruction in cholangiocarcinoma: A brief review.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2022Review
- A novel nomogram for adult primary perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and considerations concerning lymph node dissection.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- The new insight of treatment in Cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of Cancer · 2022Review
- Moving forward in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Review
- Impact of 18F-FDG PET/MR based tumor delineation in radiotherapy planning for cholangiocarcinoma.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2021Article
- Radiotherapy as treatment option in biliary cancer patients: a national survey of AIRO (Italian Association of Radiation Oncology) Gastroenterology Group.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2021Article
- Patterns of Failure and the Need for Biliary Intervention in Resected Biliary Tract Cancers After Chemoradiation.Annals of surgical oncology · 2020Article
- Presentation and Outcomes with First-Line Chemotherapy in Advanced Cholangiocarcinomas-A Relatively Rare Component of Biliary Tract Cancers in India.South Asian journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Retroduodenal resection of the extrahepatic common bile duct with in situ re-implantation of the main pancreatic duct: A report of two cases.Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the currently available evidence for the role of external radiotherapy and brachytherapy in the management of cholangiocarcinoma. High locoregional disease recurrence rates after surgical resection alone for both the extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) provide a rationale for using adjuvant radiotherapy with chemotherapy. We performed a literature search related to radiotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma published between 2000 and 2016. The role of radiation is discussed in the adjuvant, neoadjuvant, definitive and the palliative setting. Evidence from Phase II trials have demonstrated efficacy of adjuvant chemoradiation in combination with chemotherapy in EHCC. Locally advanced cholangiocarcinoma may be treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. In the case of downsizing, assessment for resection may be considered. Brachytherapy offers dose escalation after external radiotherapy. Selected unresectable cases of cholangiocarcinoma may be considered for stereotactic body radiation therapy with neoadjuvant and/or concurrent chemotherapy. Liver transplantation is a treatment option in selected patients with EHCC and IHCC after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Stenting in combination with palliative external radiotherapy and/or brachytherapy provides improved stent patency and survival. Newer advanced radiation techniques provide a scope for achieving better disease control with reduced morbidity. Effective multimodality treatment incorporating radiotherapy is the way forward for improving survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.