ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2017
β-Adrenoceptor Blockade in the Basolateral Amygdala, But Not the Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Rescues the Immediate Extinction Deficit.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- A 4-session written emotional disclosure intervention lowers 6-month sympathoadrenal urinary output in persons living with HIV.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Trial
- Locus coeruleus-amygdala circuit disrupts prefrontal control to impair fear extinction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Local and network neural activations and their associations with sleep parameters during threat conditioning and extinction in persons with Generalized Anxiety Disorder with and without Insomnia Disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Stress-Responsive Neuronal Ensembles and β-Adrenergic Signaling in the Basolateral Amygdala Modulate the Infralimbic Cortical Activity and Govern the Delayed Stress-Induced Fear Extinction Deficit.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Neural circuits for the adaptive regulation of fear and extinction memory.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- The Basolateral Amygdala: The Core of a Network for Threat Conditioning, Extinction, and Second-Order Threat Conditioning.Biology · 2023Review
- Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Regulate Stress-Induced Fear Extinction Impairments in Male and Female Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cannabidiol Prevents Spontaneous Fear Recovery after Extinction and Ameliorates Stress-Induced Extinction Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Unrelenting Fear Under Stress: Neural Circuits and Mechanisms for the Immediate Extinction Deficit.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Review
- Sex differences in the immediate extinction deficit and renewal of extinguished fear in rats.PloS one · 2022Article
- Propranolol Administration Modulates Neural Activity in the Hippocampal Hilus During Fear Retrieval.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Endocannabinoid metabolism inhibition has no effect on spontaneous fear recovery or extinction resistance in Lister hooded rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Co-released norepinephrine and galanin act on different timescales to promote stress-induced anxiety-like behavior.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Propranolol Decreases Fear Expression by Modulating Fear Memory Traces.Biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF PAVLOVIAN AND INSTRUMENTAL EXTINCTION LEARNING.Physiological reviews · 2021Review
- Stress-Induced Increases in Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine Underlie Extinction Learning Deficits.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020Article
- The role of catecholamines in modulating responses to stress: Sex-specific patterns, implications, and therapeutic potential for post-traumatic stress disorder and opiate withdrawal.The European journal of neuroscience · 2020Review
- Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine Drives Stress-Induced Increases in Basolateral Amygdala Firing and Impairs Extinction Learning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020Article
- Neuromodulation in circuits of aversive emotional learning.Nature neuroscience · 2019Review
- Sex differences in fear extinction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Early psychological interventions, such as exposure therapy, rely on extinction learning to reduce the development of stress- and trauma-related disorders. However, recent research suggests that extinction often fails to reduce fear when administered soon after trauma. This immediate extinction deficit (IED) may be due to stress-induced dysregulation of neural circuits involved in extinction learning. We have shown that systemic β-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol rescues the IED, but impairs delayed extinction. Here we sought to determine the neural locus of these effects. Rats underwent auditory fear conditioning and then received either immediate (30 min) or delayed (24 h) extinction training. We used bilateral intracranial infusions of propranolol into either the infralimbic division of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) or the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to examine the effects of β-adrenoceptor blockade on immediate and delayed extinction learning. Interestingly, intra-BLA, but not intra-mPFC, propranolol rescued the IED; animals receiving intra-BLA propranolol prior to immediate extinction showed less spontaneous recovery of fear during extinction retrieval. Importantly, this was not due to impaired consolidation of the conditioning memory. In contrast, neither intra-BLA nor intra-mPFC propranolol affected delayed extinction learning. Overall, these data contribute to a growing literature suggesting dissociable roles for key nodes in the fear extinction circuit depending on the timing of extinction relative to conditioning. These data also suggest that heightened noradrenergic activity in the BLA underlies stress-induced extinction deficits. Propranolol may be a useful adjunct to behavioral therapeutic interventions in recently traumatized individuals who are at risk for developing trauma-related disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.