ArticleGlobal health action2017
Antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory infections among children in rural China: a cross-sectional study of outpatient prescriptions.
Article in Global health action, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tailored interventions to address determinants of practice.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of antibiotics prescription amongst patients with and without COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors for antibiotic utilization in Chinese children.BMC pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Antibiotic prescription practices in primary care in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of a comprehensive antibiotic stewardship program on antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in rural facilities: a cluster randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effect of a comprehensive package based on combined C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A point-of-care testing on antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections at village clinics in China: a cluster randomised controlled trial.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Determinants of expert-advised antibiotic indication in pediatric emergency department, data from a cross-sectional prevalence survey.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Impact of pharmaceutical intervention on the use of intravenous antibiotics in patients with bacterial upper respiratory tract infections: protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- In search of pragmatic measures and models from routinely collected electronic records to inform continuous optimization of antibiotics stewardship at primary care settings: preliminary findings from Anhui, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Public understanding and misuse of antibiotics in China: insights from a comprehensive national survey.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Association between antibiotic exposure and childhood atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- The public's irrational use of antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections: a cross-sectional study based on the health belief model.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Antibiotic Usage for Treatment of Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children in Lithuania from 2018 to 2022.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship among healthcare workers in outpatient medical centers in Kenya: a qualitative study.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Primary Healthcare Physicians' Insufficient Knowledge Is Associated with Antibiotic Overprescribing for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact evaluation of guidelines on antibiotic utilisation & appropriateness in Malaysian public primary care: an interrupted time series analysis.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Impact of Interventions and Improvements in Outpatient Intravenous Infusion Therapy at a Hospital in China: A Comprehensive Analysis of Prescription Patterns and Safety Measures.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical Uncertainty Influences Antibiotic Prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Qualitative Study of Township Hospital Physicians and Village Doctors in Rural Shandong Province, China.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundOveruse of antibiotics contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance.
objectiveThis study aims to assess the condition of antibiotic use at health facilities at county, township and village levels in rural Guangxi, China.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions in 2014 for children aged 2-14 years with upper respiratory infections (URI). Twenty health facilities were randomly selected, including four county hospitals, eight township hospitals and eight village clinics. Prescriptions were extracted from the electronic records in the county hospitals and paper copies in the township hospitals and village clinics.
resultsThe antibiotic prescription rate was higher in township hospitals (593/877, 68%) compared to county hospitals (2736/8166, 34%) and village clinics (96/297, 32%) (p < 0.001). Among prescriptions containing antibiotics, county hospitals were found to have the highest use rate of broad-spectrum antibiotics (82 vs 57% [township], vs 54% [village], p < 0.001), injectable antibiotics (65 vs 43% [township], vs 33% [village], p < 0.001) and multiple antibiotics (47 vs 15% [township], vs 0% [village], p < 0.001). Logistic regression showed that the likelihood of prescribing an antibiotic was significantly associated with patients being 6-14 years old compared with being 2-5 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.3, 95% CI 1.2-1.5), and receiving care at township hospitals compared with county hospitals (aOR = 5.0, 95% CI 4.1-6.0). Prescriptions with insurance copayment appeared to lower the risk of prescribing antibiotics compared with those without (aOR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-0.9).
conclusionsInappropriate use of antibiotics was high for outpatient childhood URI in the four counties of Guangxi, China, with the highest rate found in township hospitals. A significant high proportion of prescriptions containing antibiotics were broad-spectrum, by intravenous infusion or with multiple antibiotics, especially at county hospitals. Urgent attention is needed to address this challenge.
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