ArticleMolecular psychiatry2018
Cortical abnormalities in bipolar disorder: an MRI analysis of 6503 individuals from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06809881 (OLFACTION AND BIPOLAR DISODER), which is not on this map. Cited by 374 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
374citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
48.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Olfaction and bipolar disoder
Who cites it
374 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 794 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transdiagnostic mapping of common and specific regional homogeneity alterations across affective and psychotic disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Pineal Gland Volume, Sleep Quality, and Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Pooled it
- Psychotropic medications and their interactions with subcortical brain volume in bipolar disorder: An ENIGMA mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Hemispheric Asymmetries in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Identification of a diagnosis-selective neurobiological substrate for bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 57,717 subjects.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Lithium effects in the frontolimbic circuitry: a systematic review of neuroimaging findings in bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between structural brain measures and cognitive function in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Neurophysiological profiles of patients with bipolar disorders as probed with transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Shared and Specific Neural Correlates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of 243 Task-Based Functional MRI Studies.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2024Pooled it
- Prefrontal, parietal, and limbic condition-dependent differences in bipolar disorder: a large-scale meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Neurotransmission-related gene expression in the frontal pole is altered in subjects with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Brain ageing in schizophrenia: evidence from 26 international cohorts via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Shape analysis of subcortical structures in obsessive-compulsive disorder and the relationship with comorbid anxiety, depression, and medication use: A meta-analysis by the OCD Brain Imaging Consortium.Brain and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Cross disorder comparisons of brain structure in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A review of ENIGMA findings.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2022Pooled it
- Cortical and subcortical neuroanatomical signatures of schizotypy in 3004 individuals assessed in a worldwide ENIGMA study.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond the role in motor function, entopeduncular nucleus, a critical neural hub in psychiatric disorders and sleep regulation.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Structural Brain Network Alterations in Relation to Treatment and Illness Severity in Bipolar Disorder.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neural Signatures of Bipolar Disorder and Psychotropic Medication Effects: A Multimodal Positron Emission Tomography-Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- From voxels to models: a multi-center voxel-based morphometry study identifying robust biomarkers for deep learning classification of schizophrenia.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
314 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
123 authors at 20 institutions in 17 countries.
D P HibarImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
L T WestlyeNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
N T DoanNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
N JahanshadImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
J W CheungImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
C R K ChingImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
A VersaceDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
A C BilderbeckUniversity Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
A UhlmannDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
B MwangiUT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
B KrämerSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
B OversNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
C B HartbergNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
C AbéDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
D DimaDepartment of Psychology, City University London, London, UK.
D GrotegerdDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
E SprootenDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
E BøenDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
E JimenezHospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
F M HowellsDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
G DelvecchioIRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy.
H TemminghDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
J StarkeDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
J R C AlmeidaDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
J M GoikoleaHospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
J HouenouINSERM U955 Team 15 'Translational Psychiatry', University Paris East, APHP, CHU Mondor, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.ORCID 0000-0003-3166-5606
L M BeardDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
L RauerSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
L AbramovicDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
M BonninHospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
M F PonteduroInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
M KeilDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
M M RiveProgram for Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
N YaoDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
N YalinCentre for Affective Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
P NajtCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
P G RosaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
R RedlichDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
S TrostDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
S HagenaarsDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9697-8596
S C FearsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
S Alonso-LanaFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3063-6929
T G M van ErpDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
T NicksonDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
T M Chaim-AvanciniDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
T B MeierDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
T ElvsåshagenNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
U K HaukvikNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
W H LeeDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
A H ScheneDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
A J LloydAcademic Psychiatry and Northern Centre for Mood Disorders, Newcastle University/Northumberland Tyne & Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK.
A H YoungCentre for Affective Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
A NugentExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
A M DaleMMIL, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
A PfennigDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
A M McIntoshDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
B LaferDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
B T BauneDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
C J EkmanDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
C A ZarateExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
C E BeardenDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
C HenryINSERM U955 Team 15 'Translational Psychiatry', University Paris East, APHP, CHU Mondor, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
C SimhandlBipolar Center Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria.
C McDonaldCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
C BourneUniversity Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
D J SteinDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
D H WolfDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
D M CannonCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
D C GlahnDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
D J VeltmanDepartment of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
E Pomarol-ClotetFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
E VietaHospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
E J Canales-RodriguezFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
F G NeryDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
F L S DuranDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
G F BusattoDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
G RobertsSchool of Psychiatry and Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
G D PearlsonDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
G M GoodwinUniversity Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
H KugelDepartment of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4349-1984
H C WhalleyDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
H G RuheUniversity Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J C SoaresUT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
J M FullertonNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J K RybakowskiDepartment of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J SavitzLaureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
K T ChaimDepartment of Radiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
M Fatjó-VilasFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
M G Soeiro-de-SouzaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
M P BoksDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
M V ZanettiDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
M C G OtaduyDepartment of Radiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
M S SchaufelbergerDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
M AldaDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
M IngvarDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
M L PhillipsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
M J KemptonInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
M BauerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
M LandénDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
N S LawrenceDepartment of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
N E M van HarenDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
N R HornDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
N B FreimerCenter for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
O GruberSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
P R SchofieldNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
P B MitchellSchool of Psychiatry and Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
R S KahnDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
R LenrootNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
R Machado-VieiraDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
R A OphoffDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
S SarróFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
S FrangouDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
T D SatterthwaiteDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
T HajekDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
U DannlowskiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
U F MaltDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Education, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
V AroltDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
W F GattazDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
W C DrevetsJanssen Research & Development, Titusville, NJ, USA.
X CaserasMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
I AgartzNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
P M ThompsonImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
O A AndreassenNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Universidade de São Paulo · BRUniversity of Cape Town · ZAUniversity of Southern California · USHartford Hospital · USKing's College London · GBCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental · ESHeidelberg University · DEOslo University Hospital · NODalhousie University · CAInserm · FRUniversity of Münster · DEUniversity of Oslo · NOBlack Dog Institute · AUOllscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway · IEUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USCity, University of London · GBDiakonhjemmet Hospital · NOKarolinska Institutet · SEPoznan University of Medical Sciences · PLRadboud University Nijmegen · NL
Funding
Glutamatergic Modulators for Rapid & Sustained Antidepressant EffectZIAMH002857 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI ZARATE, CARLOS · 2009 to 2025
$55.0MTarget validation of novel therapeutic agents in mood disordersZIAMH002927 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI ZARATE, CARLOS · 2010 to 2025
$37.1MTR&D3: Intrinsic Surface MappingP41EB015922 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI VAN HORN, JOHN DARRELL · 2012 to 2022
$14.1MTraining U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1MIntegrative Center for Neurogenetics and Neurogenomics - OverallP30NS062691 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI COPPOLA, GIOVANNI, FREIMER, NELSON B. · 2009 to 2018
$7.4MGenomic Studies of Bipolar Disorder in a Large Cohort from The NetherlandsR01MH090553 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI OPHOFF, ROEL A · 2010 to 2014
$6.0MBipolar Endophenotypes in Population IsolatesR01MH075007 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FREIMER, NELSON B. · 2007 to 2011
$3.8MSearching for Endophenotypes of Bipolar DisorderR01MH085667 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI SOARES, JAIR C · 2012 to 2016
$3.0MLongitudinal multi-modal neuroimaging of irritability in youthR01MH107703 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SATTERTHWAITE, THEODORE · 2015 to 2018
$2.6MGenome Sequencing in Extended Bipolar PedigreesR01MH095454 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FREIMER, NELSON B. · 2012 to 2014
$2.4MDeconstructing Psychoses Based on Patterns of Abnormal Brain ActivityR01MH104284 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI FRANGOU, SOPHIA · 2014 to 2017
$2.4MToward the identification of biomarkers of bipolar disorderR01MH076971 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI PHILLIPS, MARY LOUISE · 2007 to 2011
$2.1MCIHR 106469CIHR 142255CIHR 64410Medical Research Council MR/J008915/1NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015922NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH096077NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH086786NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH074644NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH085096NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH098130NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH075007NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH076971NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085667NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH090553NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH095454NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH101111NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH104284NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH107703NINDS NIH HHS P30 NS062691Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 103703
Abstract
Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not well understood. Structural brain differences have been associated with BD, but results from neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. To address this, we performed the largest study to date of cortical gray matter thickness and surface area measures from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 6503 individuals including 1837 unrelated adults with BD and 2582 unrelated healthy controls for group differences while also examining the effects of commonly prescribed medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. In BD, cortical gray matter was thinner in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. BD had the strongest effects on left pars opercularis (Cohen's d=-0.293; P=1.71 × 10
Indexed as
AdolescentAdultAge FactorsBipolar DisorderBrainCase-Control StudiesCerebral CortexFemaleFrontal LobeGray MatterHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedNeuroimagingPrefrontal Cortex
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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT06809881ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.