Observational studyJournal of endocrinological investigation2017
Ultrasound characterization of insulin induced lipohypertrophy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Observational study in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- The power of insulin education: enhancing pain and treatment perception in adult type 2 diabetes patients.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- The Distinct Ultrasound Characteristics and Prognostic Features of Insulin-Induced Lipohypertrophy: A Systematic Review.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Review
- Off the wall: incidental paraspinal and pelvic muscle pathology on abdominopelvic imaging.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2024Review
- A tension offloading patch mitigates dermal fibrosis induced by pro-fibrotic skin injections.Research square · 2024Article
- Review
- Efficacy of Sound Touch Elastography in Assessing Subcutaneous Lipohypertrophy from Insulin Injections.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Insulin-induced lipodystrophy and predisposing factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in a tertiary care Egyptian center.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2023Article
- A Hypothesis on the Progression of Insulin-Induced Lipohypertrophy: An Integrated Result of High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging and Blood Glucose Control of Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Repeated insulin injection without site rotation affects skin thickness - ultrasonographic and histological evaluation.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Article
- Insulin-related lipohypertrophy: ultrasound characteristics, risk factors, and impact of glucose fluctuations.Endocrine · 2022Article
- Insulin-induced Lipohypertrophy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with an Insulin Pump.International journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- Characteristics and morphology of lipohypertrophic lesions in adults with type 1 diabetes with ultrasound screening: an exploratory observational study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Observational
- Leveraging Mechanical Forces to Target Insulin Injection-Induced Lipohypertrophy and Fibrosis.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2021Article
- Incidental findings of clinical relevance.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2021Article
- A Systematic Survey of Physicians' Insights Into Lipohypertrophy.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in the Field of Diabetology.International journal of chronic diseases · 2021Review
- Insulin-Induced Skin Lipohypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicenter Regional Survey in Southern Italy.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- Lipohypertrophic Skin Changes in Patients With Diabetes: Visualization by Infrared Images.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2018Article
- A Systematic Review of Ultrasound-Detected Lipohypertrophy in Insulin-Exposed People with Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveSubcutaneous insulin absorption is one of the key factors affecting glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus under insulin therapy. Insulin-induced subcutaneous lipohypertrophy has been reported to impair insulin regular absorption and hence glycemic control. So far, lipohypertrophy diagnosis has only been clinical. This study aims at evaluating the possible role of ultrasound scan in the assessment of subcutaneous lipohypertrophy in patients affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus.
methodsA pilot observational retrospective study was performed in 20 patients affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus. In these patients the areas with clinical evidence of lipohypertrophy dependent on the insulin injections were characterized by the presence of tissues that at the ultrasound scan resulted similar to fibrotic tissues (hyperechogenic) or to an interstitial edema or to fat tissues (hypoechogenic). It was utilized a multi frequency linear probe (6-18 MHz). The patients were advised to avoid insulin injections on the areas with lipohypertrophy scanned by the ultrasound and the HbA1c changes were evaluated 3 months later.
resultsThe lipohypertrophic areas presented at least three different aspects upon ultrasound assessment: the iso-hyperechogenic one, with a predominant fibrotic component; the isoechogenic one, with "large tangles" fibrotic elements and the iso-hypoechogenic aspect with no fibrotic elements. When patients were advised to avoid insulin injections on areas with lipohypertrophy defined by ultrasound scan, 3 months after the first evaluation HbA1c had significantly improved (basal HbA1c 7.87 ± 0.56 versus 7.67 ± 0.52 3 months later, p = 0.029). No significant improvements of the HbA1c were found in the control matched group in which lipohypertrophy was only clinically valued through inspection and palpation.
conclusionsUltrasound scan can help identify and characterize the lipohypertrophic areas and this might be useful to improve glycemic control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.