ArticleBMC health services research2017
Barriers and facilitators to enrollment and re-enrollment into the community health funds/Tiba Kwa Kadi (CHF/TIKA) in Tanzania: a cross-sectional inquiry on the effects of socio-demographic factors and social marketing strategies.
Article in BMC health services research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effect of financial health risk protection education on health insurance knowledge and enrollment willingness among rural households in Tanzania: a cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Informing policy through evidence: A scoping review of factors that influence enrolment in community-based health insurance in East Africa.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- Modeling determinants of accessibility for healthcare services in rural and urban areas of Dodoma, Tanzania.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Service delivery factors associated with enrollment to the improved community health fund among household members: a cross-sectional study in the Manyara region, Tanzania.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Health insurance in rural Tanzania promotes self-care for among patients with non-communicable diseases via their disease management behaviours.International health · 2025Article
- Stakeholders' perspectives on funding malaria, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis services in Tanzania through domestic resources mobilisation: a qualitative study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Patient's willingness to pay for improved community health insurance in Tanzania.Health policy OPEN · 2024Article
- From pilot to national roll-out of the improved Community Health Fund (iCHF) in Tanzania: lessons learnt and way forward.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2024Article
- Developing the improved Community Health Fund in Tanzania: was it a fair process?Health policy and planning · 2023Article
- Linking the Community Health Fund with Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania: exploring potentials, pitfalls, and modalities.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2022Article
- Assessing public-private procurement practices for medical commodities in Dar Es Salaam: a situation analysis.BMC health services research · 2022Review
- Toward mandatory health insurance in low-income countries? An analysis of claims data in Tanzania.Health economics · 2022Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria diagnostics among healthcare providers and healthcare-seekers in Kondoa district, Tanzania: a multi-methodological situation analysis.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with the Implementation of an Improved Community Health Fund in the Ubungo Municipality Area, Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Effects of a temporary suspension of community-based health insurance in Kwara State, North-Central, Nigeria.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Health insurance and health system (un) responsiveness: a qualitative study with elderly in rural Tanzania.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- The failure of community-based health insurance schemes in Tanzania: opening the black box of the implementation process.BMC health services research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntroduction of a health insurance scheme is one of the ways to enhance access to health care services and to protect individuals from catastrophic health expenditures. Little is known on the influence of socio-demographic and social marketing strategies on enrollment and re-enrollment in the Community Health Fund/Tiba Kwa Kadi (CHF/TIKA) in Tanzania.
methodsThis cross-sectional study employed quantitative methods for data collection between November 2014 and March 2015 in Singida and Shinyanga regions. Relationship between variables was obtained through Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.
resultsWe recruited 496 participants in the study. Majority (92.7%) of participants consented to participate, with 229 (49.8%) and 231 (50.2%) members and non members of CHF/TIKA respectively. Majority (90.9%) were aware of CHF/TIKA. Majority of CHF/TIKA members and non-members (90% and 68.3% respectively) reported health facility-based sensitization as the most common social marketing approach employed to market the CHF/TIKA. The most popular marketing strategies in the country including traditional dances, football games, radio, television, news papers, and mosques/church were reported by few CHF and non CHF members. Multivariate Logistic regression models revealed no significant association between social marketing strategies and enrollment, but only socio-demographics; including marital status (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.8) and family size (household with ≥ 6 members) (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.5), were significant factors associated with enrollment/re-enrollment rate.
conclusionsThis study indicated that low level of utilization of available social marketing strategies and socio-demographic factors are the barriers for attracting members to join the schemes. There is a need for applying various social marketing strategies and considering different facilitating and impending socio-demographic factors for the growth and sustainability of the scheme as we move towards universal health coverage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.