ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
Marijuana Use Impacts Midlife Cardiovascular Events in HIV-Infected Men.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Mapping Literature Review of Medical Cannabis Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Evidence in Approved Conditions in the USA from 2016 to 2019.Medical cannabis and cannabinoids · 2021Pooled it
- Nonmedical Marijuana Use and Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Neuroimmune Correlates of HIV and Marijuana Use: Peripheral Biomarkers and Cognitive Function.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cannabis Use and the Risk of Incident Venous Thromboembolism Among People With HIV: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in the United States.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · 2026Article
- Cannabis use by people with HIV is associated with an anti-inflammatory immunometabolic phenotype in monocyte-derived macrophages.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Substance use and mental health factors associated with self-reported higher risk cannabis use among people with HIV screened in primary care.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Differences in total and differential white blood cell counts and in inflammatory parameters between psychiatric inpatients with and without recent consumption of cannabinoids, opioids, or cocaine: A retrospective single-center study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Cannabis Use Variations and Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in HIV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Polarization of HIV-1- and CMV-Specific IL-17-Producing T Cells among People with HIV under Antiretroviral Therapy with Cannabis and/or Cocaine Usage.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cannabis use disorder and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A population-based retrospective cohort analysis of adults from Alberta, Canada.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Article
- Cannabis and adverse cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Self-Reported Cannabis Use and HIV Viral Control among Patients with HIV Engaged in Care: Results from a National Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Self-Reported Cannabis Use and Markers of Inflammation in Men Who Have Sex With Men With and Without HIV.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Article
- Acrolein and other toxicant exposures in relation to cardiovascular disease among marijuana and tobacco smokers in a longitudinal cohort of HIV-positive and negative adults.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- The Impact of Marijuana on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Most Common Cardiovascular Events Associated with Marijuana Use.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Metabolic Syndrome in HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients.Current treatment options in infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Cannabis and Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMarijuana use is prevalent among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but its long-term effects on HIV disease progression and comorbidities are unknown.
methodsIn this prospective study of 558 HIV-infected men enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study between 1990 and 2010, there were 182 HIV seroconverters and 376 with viral suppression on combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). Associations between heavy marijuana use and HIV disease markers or white blood cell (WBC) count were examined using mixed-effects and linear regression models. Effects of marijuana use on cardiovascular (CV) events and other endpoints were estimated using Kaplan-Meier and logistic regression analyses.
resultsThe median baseline age of participants was 41, 66% were white, 79% had education >12 years, and 20% reported heavy marijuana use at ≥50% of biannual visits during follow-up. Long-term heavy marijuana use showed no significant associations with viral load, CD4 counts, AIDS, cancer, or mortality in both cohorts but was independently associated with increased CV events between ages 40-60 after adjusting for age, tobacco smoking, viral load, and traditional risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3, 5.1). Marijuana and tobacco use were each independently associated with higher WBC counts in adjusted models (P < .01); the highest quartile of WBC counts (≥6500 cells/µL) was associated with increased CV events (OR 4.3; 95% CI, 1.5, 12.9).
conclusionsHeavy marijuana use is a risk factor for CV disease in HIV-infected men ages 40-60, independent of tobacco smoking and traditional risk factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.