ReviewFEMS microbiology reviews2017
Toxin-antitoxin systems and their role in disseminating and maintaining antimicrobial resistance.
Review in FEMS microbiology reviews, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of donor-recipient relatedness on the plasmid conjugation frequency: a meta-analysis.BMC microbiology · 2020Pooled it
- Bacterial strategies for surviving antibiotics during urinary tract infection: could uropathogenic Escherichia coli be persisters?Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- The role of toxin-antitoxin systems inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Review
- Antibiotic exposure and recovery of persister states influence virulence phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Genomic profiling ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Armageddon: The Professional Guide to Conquering Antibiotic Resistance.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Eco-evolutionary feedbacks drive the co-occurrence of restriction-modification systems and antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology of OXA-1054, a novel carbapenem-hydrolysing Class D β-lactamase, in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from wastewaters.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Integrative Genomic and Structural Analysis Reveals Diversity and Stability of yefM-yoeBCurrent microbiology · 2026Article
- Deciphering the Emergence of Biofilm-Independent Colistin Persistence and Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The plasmid-host fitness landscape: a new paradigm for predicting the fate of mobile resistance.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Widespread macrolide resistance among rapidly growing mycobacteria due to plasmids containing erm(55).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bacterial biofilm conundrum: insight into the frontiers of antibiotic resistance and state-of-the-art anti-biofilm interventions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Design of orthogonal and portable RNA devices for post-transcriptional regulation by reverse engineering type I toxin-antitoxin systems.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Battle beyond membrane: flagella as a conduit for phage DNA entry and a trigger for bacterial defense in Yersinia enterocolitica.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas in sensitizing bacterial populations with plasmid-encoded antimicrobial resistance.Genetics · 2025Article
- The toxin-antitoxin system SavRS contributes to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus by mediating cell wall thickening.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Development of a Potent and FunctionalJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Impact of mycotoxins and glyphosate residue on the gut microbiome and resistome of European fallow deer.iScience · 2025Article
- Bacterial programmed cell death and toxin-antitoxin system in bacteria.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin systems (TAs) are ubiquitous among bacteria and play a crucial role in the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance, such as maintaining multi-resistant plasmids and inducing persistence formation. Generally, activities of the toxins are neutralised by their conjugate antitoxins. In contrast, antitoxins are more liable to degrade under specific conditions such as stress, and free active toxins interfere with essential cellular processes including replication, translation and cell-wall synthesis. TAs have also been shown to be responsible for plasmid maintenance, stress management, bacterial persistence and biofilm formation. We discuss here the recent findings of these multifaceted TAs (type I-VI) and in particular examine the role of TAs in augmenting the dissemination and maintenance of multi-drug resistance in bacteria.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.