Observational studyMedicine2017
Alteration of serum high-mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) levels in children with enterovirus 71-induced hand, foot, and mouth disease.
Observational study in Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Enterovirus D68 infection in cotton rats results in systemic inflammation with detectable viremia associated with extracellular vesicle and neurologic disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enterovirus A71 infection-induced dry eye-like symptoms by damaging the lacrimal glands.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- HMGB1 is involved in viral replication and the inflammatory response in coxsackievirus A16-infected 16HBE cells via proteomic analysis and identification.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and prognosis in patients with MKIs-associated hand-foot skin reaction: a retrospective study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in Children: The Role of High Mobility Group Box-1.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Susceptibility and cytokine responses of human neuronal cells to multiple circulating EV-A71 genotypes in India.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- HMGB1, anti-HMGB1 antibodies, and ratio of HMGB1/anti-HMGB1 antibodies as diagnosis indicator in fever of unknown origin.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The performance of the alarmin HMGB1 in pediatric diseases: From lab to clinic.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Review
- Acute e-cig inhalation impacts vascular health: a study in smoking naïve subjects.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2021Article
- Predicting Severe Enterovirus 71-Infected Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: Cytokines and Chemokines.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Review
- MiR-146a down-regulates inflammatory response by targeting TLR3 and TRAF6 in Coxsackievirus B infection.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Dengue fatal cases present virus-specific HMGB1 response in peripheral organs.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in West Bengal, India: A Preliminary Report on Clinicovirological Trend over 3 Successive Years (2013-2015).Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common pediatric disease caused by enterovirus infection. It typically presents as a fever along with flat, discolored spots and bumps on the hands, feet, and mouth. Compared with other viruses, enterovirus 71 (EV71)-induced HFMD is more prone to cause severe complications in children, such as brainstem encephalitis, cardiopulmonary disorders, and even death. More in-depth studies are still necessary to understand the characteristics of EV71-induced HFMD, although some related research has been reported so far. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an inflammatory cytokine that can upregulate other inflammatory factors through its receptors, such as Toll-like receptors and the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts.We prospectively investigated the alteration of serum HMGB1, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels before and after treatment in 82 children with HFMD.We found that the serum HMGB1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in EV71-induced HFMD, and that these changes were more serious in the severe and critical HMFD groups; however, there was no significant difference in the HMGB1 level between the normal control and mild HMFD groups. Moreover, the serum HMGB1 level was positively correlated with the alteration of serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations.These results suggest that HMGB1 is involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of EV71-induced HFMD and that the serum level of HMGB1 could be applied as a clinical indicator for the severity of HFMD, and also a sign for the recovery prognosis of HFMD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.