SynthesisMedicine2017
Association between proton pump inhibitors and hepatic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of the effects of proton pump inhibitors on the human gut microbiota.BMC microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Correlation Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Complications of Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibitors and risk of liver cancer and mortality in patients with chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of hepatic encephalopathy in advanced liver disease: A meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibitor use increases hepatic encephalopathy risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Pooled it
- The use of anti-ulcer agents and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2018Pooled it
- Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: Steps Towards Consensus.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics, Benefits and Drawbacks.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors.Chonnam medical journal · 2023Review
- Proton pump inhibitors may enhance the risk of digestive diseases by regulating intestinal microbiota.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Microbiota, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: protocol of an observational study.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Observational
- Proton pump inhibitors increase the severity of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients.World journal of hepatology · 2019Article
- Influence of proton pump inhibitors on microbiota in chronic liver disease patients.Hepatology international · 2019Article
- Recent advances in hepatic encephalopathy.F1000Research · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsSeveral studies have shown that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use can increase the risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with liver dysfunction. However, no definite conclusion is drawn because of study design limitations. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between PPIs and HE.
methodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception until November 2016. Data from the identified studies were combined using a random effects model, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.
resultsThree case-control studies were included. Compared with nonusers, hepatic insufficiency patients receiving PPIs therapy had a significantly increased risk of developing HE (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.15-2.69), with notable heterogeneity (I = 61.4%, P = .075) and publication bias. No relevance was found between PPIs and HE after using the trim and fill method (OR = 1.360, 95%CI: 0.909-2.035, P = .135).
conclusionsPPIs are associated with a higher risk of HE among patients with chronic and acute liver dysfunction. A final conclusion cannot be drawn because of the limited number of studies and a lack of prospective studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.