ArticleOncotarget2017
Therapeutic benefit of Salmonella attributed to LPS and TNF-α is exhaustible and dictated by tumor susceptibility.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endotoxin tolerance enhances breast cancer aggressiveness and alters inflammatory marker expression in tumor and spleen of mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Bacteria-based immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment reprogramming: a promising dawn in cancer therapy.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Bacteria-Based Roles in Solid Tumors: Potential for Prevention and Treatment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Engineered bacteria: Strategies and applications in cancer immunotherapy.Fundamental research · 2025Review
- Transforming bacterial pathogens into wonder tools in cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Impact on Human Health ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Diversity, Complexity, and Specificity of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Structures Impacting Their Detection and Quantification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- MEK inhibitors increase the mortality rate in mice with LPS-induced inflammation through IL-12-NO signaling.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
- The differential cancer growth associated with anaesthetics in a cancer xenograft model of mice: mechanisms and implications of postoperative cancer recurrence.Cell biology and toxicology · 2023Article
- Hacking the Immune Response to Solid Tumors: Harnessing the Anti-Cancer Capacities of Oncolytic Bacteria.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Bacteria in cancer therapy: A new generation of weapons.Cancer medicine · 2022Review
- Role of pyroptosis in inflammation and cancer.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022Review
- Recombinant AttenuatedCancers · 2022Review
- Bacteria as Nanoparticle Carriers for Immunotherapy in Oncology.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Streptococcal bacterial components in cancer therapy.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Review
- Coating bacteria for anti-tumor therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Monocytes mediate Salmonella Typhimurium-induced tumor growth inhibition in a mouse melanoma model.European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- Highlights of Immunomodulation inBiomedicines · 2021Review
- Integration ofCancers · 2021Review
- Perspectives on OncolyticFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The potential of bacteria-mediated tumor therapy (BMTT) is highlighted by more than a century of investigation. Attenuated Salmonella has prevailed as promising therapeutic agents. For BMTT - categorized as an immune therapy - the exact contribution of particular immune reactions to the therapeutic effect remains ambiguous. In addition, one could argue for or against the requirement of bacterial viability and tumor targeting. Herein we evaluate the isolated therapeutic efficacy of purified LPS and TNF-α, which together account for a dominant immunogenic pathway of gram negative bacteria like Salmonella. We show that therapeutic efficacy against CT26 tumors does not require bacterial viability. Analogous to viable Salmonella SL7207, tumor regression by a specific CD8+ T cell response can be induced by purified LPS or recombinant TNF-α (rTNF-α). Conversely, therapeutic effects against RenCa tumors were abrogated upon bacterial avitalization and limited using isolated adjuvants. This argues for an alternative mechanistic explanation for SL7207 against RenCa that depends on viability and persistence. Unable to boost bacterial therapies by co-injection of rTNF-α suggested therapeutic effects along this axis are exhausted by the intrinsic adjuvanticity of bacteria alone. However, the importance of TNF-α for BMTT was highlighted by its support of tumor invasion and colonization in concert with lower infective doses of Salmonella. In consideration, bacterial therapeutic effectiveness along the axis of LPS and TNF-α appears limited, and does not offer the necessary plasticity for different tumors. This emphasizes a need for recombinant strengthening and vehicular exploitation to accommodate potency, plasticity and distinctiveness in BMTT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.