ArticleForensic science, medicine, and pathology2017
The reference cube: A new ballistic model to generate staining in firearm barrels.
Article in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- New alginate-gelatine method for casting of staining inside firearm barrels.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- The muzzle to target distance -staining inside different parts of the firearm barrel.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- Nothing but hot air?-On the molecular ballistic analysis of backspatter generated by and the hazard potential of blank guns.International journal of legal medicine · 2021Review
- Ten years of molecular ballistics-a review and a field guide.International journal of legal medicine · 2021Review
- Study of backspatter using high-speed video of experimental gunshots.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2021Article
- Ballistic gelatine-what we see and what we get.International journal of legal medicine · 2020Article
- Distortion of the temporary cavity and its influence on staining in firearm barrels.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2018Article
- The influence of the counterfort while ballistic testing using gelatine blocks.International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After contact shots to the head biological traces can be found inside firearm barrels. So far silicone coated, gelatin filled box models were used to generate such staining according to the triple contrast method (mixture of acrylic paint, barium sulfate and blood sealed in a thin foil bag). This study was conducted to develop a transparent ballistic model allowing contact shots. Gelatin filled polyethylene bottles with and without a silicone coat were tested in comparison to non-covered gelatin blocks. Finally, thin foil bags of 5 cm × 5 cm dimension were glued on a synthetic absorbent kitchen wipe on top of which 1 L 10% gelatin solution was molded to create blocks of 8.5 cm length. A kitchen wipe with a paint pad on its inside formed the front of the cube. Three contact shots each with a 9 mm Luger pistol and a .38 special revolver were performed on all model variations. The staining was documented by endoscopy and swabs gathered from both ends of the barrel were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Reliable staining was achieved using the front covered gelatin block with comparable results to the silicone coated box model used before. For further research using ballistic models to simulate a human head a symmetric form of the gelatin block such as a cube is recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.