ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2017
Prevalence and Correlates of Olfactory Dysfunction in Old Age: A Population-Based Study.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Olfactory dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.Ageing research reviews · 2021Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.American journal of rhinology & allergy · 2021Pooled it
- The association between olfactory dysfunction and cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in middle-aged and older adults.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Epidemiology of olfactory dysfunction in China: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and olfactory decline over 15 years in older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular biomarkers in relation to odor identification in a naturalistic clinical cohort.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Subjective and Objective Assessments of Olfactory Function in Patients Taking Anti-obesity Medications.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- The relationship between the Charlson Comorbidity Index and anorexia in older adults: the mediating role of depressive symptoms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Adults With Olfactory Dysfunction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Is there a relationship between olfactory dysfunction and duration of menopause?Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2025Article
- [Influencing factors of olfactory impairment in OSA and construction of nomogram prediction model].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2025Article
- Age-related decrease of odorant sensitivity for a selection of nine diverse molecules.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using the MEMORIES mnemonic.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Free odor identification engages domain-general cognitive abilities in old adults.Chemical senses · 2025Article
- Article
- Cerebrovascular burden and neurodegeneration linked to 15-year odor identification decline in older adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Cues for odor naming affect performance and brain connectivity.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Olfactory Identification as a Biomarker for Cognitive Impairment: Insights from Healthy Aging, Subjective Cognitive Decline, and Mild Cognitive Impairment.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2024Article
- Normative Parameters of Olfactory Bulbs Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Olfactory Function.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Article
- Effect of theNutrients · 2024Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOlfactory dysfunction (OD) in old age is associated with poor health outcomes. Interrelationships among different correlates of OD can offer insights into the underlying mechanisms, but to date remain understudied.
methodsOdor identification performance and self-reported olfactory functioning were studied in 2,234 people aged 60-90 years, who were free of neurodegenerative disease and enrolled in the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) study, Stockholm, Sweden. OD was defined as the inability to identify more than 10 out of 16 odors (free or cued identification) in a standardized odor identification task. OD prevalence was estimated, and associations with demographic, genetic, vascular, clinical, and behavioral factors, as well as their interactions were examined using multiple logistic regression analyses.
resultsOverall prevalence of OD was 24.8% (CI: 23.1; 26.6). Self-reports were characterized by low sensitivity (35%), but high specificity (87%). Advancing age (OR = 15.50, CI = 9.40; 26.10 between the first and last age group), and history of coronary heart disease (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.04; 1.75) were the principal factors associated with an increased probability of OD, whereas female gender (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.43; 0.66) and more years of education (OR = 0.97, CI 0.94; 0.99) were linked to a lower probability. Exploratory interaction analyses indicated that prevalence of OD was particularly elevated among Apolipropotein E (APOE) ε4 allele carriers who were also obese, and that being physically active counteracted the negative impact of cerebrovascular disease on OD.
conclusionDemographic and genetic factors, but also prior and current health insults, are linked to OD in old age. Modulatory effects of behavioral factors highlight their value as possible prevention targets.
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