ArticleJournal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)2017
CD19 Isoforms Enabling Resistance to CART-19 Immunotherapy Are Expressed in B-ALL Patients at Initial Diagnosis.
Article in Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 241 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of CD19 CAR T constructed with a new anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2020Trial
- Results from an international phase 2 study of the anti-CD22 immunotoxin moxetumomab pasudotox in relapsed or refractory childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2020Trial
- The cellular landscape of druggable RNA-binding proteins.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Incorporating Immunotherapies into the Evolving Standard of Care for Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Tisa-cel and axi-cel CAR structure influences the development of resistance to CD19-CAR-T therapy.Leukemia · 2026Article
- Antigen Pressure, Clonal Evolution, and Lineage Plasticity in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Resistance Biology in the Immunotherapy Era.Current hematologic malignancy reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Regulatory challenges of personalized medicine in the real world: are the right patients being treated with CD19-targeting CAR T-cells?EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Challenges and advances in CAR-T cell therapy for B-ALL.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- CD19-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): A Case Report and Review of Literature on a Rare Phenomenon De Novo and a Future Induced Struggle in Relapse.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The race between 4-1BB- and CD28-based CD19 CAR-T products in the therapy of B-cell malignancies.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2026Review
- Resistance mechanisms and overcoming strategies for CAR T-cell therapy in B-cell hematologic malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pre-treatment T cell features and immune-milieu characteristics shape treatment-induced exhaustion and resistance to Blinatumomab in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Research progress on resistance mechanisms to CAR-T cell therapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- CD19 exon 2 skipping is a potential prognostic correlate of anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy relapse.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2026Article
- IFNγ-induced antigen loss in chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Dual-trigger model of CD20 escape: NONO regulation and cryptic splicing induced by transcript overload in pediatric B-ALL.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CD19 expression is preserved following CD19-directed monoclonal antibody therapy with tafasitamab.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Multi-antigen chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B cell lymphomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CD19-negative relapse after CAR-T cell therapy: mechanisms of antigen escape and lineage switch.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the commonest childhood cancer and the prognosis of children with relapsed or therapy refractory disease remains a challenge. Treatment with chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells targeting the CD19 antigen (CART-19 therapy) has been presented as a promising approach toward improving the outcome of relapsed or refractory disease. However, 10%-20% of the patients suffer another relapse. Epitope-loss under therapy pressure has been suggested as a mechanism of tumor cells to escape the recognition from CART-19 therapy. In this work, we analyzed the expression of CD19 isoforms in a cohort of 14 children with CD19 B-ALL and 6 nonleukemia donors. We showed that an alternatively spliced CD19 mRNA isoform lacking exon 2, and therefore the CART-19 epitope, but not isoforms lacking the transmembrane and cytosolic domains are expressed in leukemic blasts at diagnosis in children and in the bone marrow of nonleukemia donors. Furthermore, we clarified the sequence of a further isoform lacking the epitope recognized by CART-19 therapy and disclosed the presence of new isoforms. In comparison with the children, we showed that alternatively spliced CD19 mRNA isoforms affecting exon 2 are also expressed in 6 adult patients with CD19 B-ALL. On top of that, one of the adults expressed an isoform lacking the CD19 transmembrane and cytosolic domains. In conclusion, we proved that some of the CD19 isoforms contributing to CART-19 escape already preexist at diagnosis and could evolve as a dominant clone during CART-19 therapy suggesting the application of combined treatment approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.