ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2017
Self-regulation and household routines at age three and obesity at age eleven: longitudinal analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Parent-Child influences on child eating self-regulation and weight in early childhood: A systematic review.Appetite · 2022Pooled it
- Measurement of screen time among young children aged 0-6 years: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Sleep and obesity among children: A systematic review of multiple sleep dimensions.Pediatric obesity · 2020Pooled it
- The Mediating Effect of Self-Regulation in the Association Between Poverty and Child Weight: A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2019Pooled it
- The impact of a health promotion program on toddlers' socio-emotional development: a cluster randomized study.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- A Mobile App to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Acceptance Among Finnish and Polish Preschoolers: Randomized Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Trial
- Longitudinal Associations Among Diet Quality, Physical Activity and Sleep Onset Consistency With Body Mass Index z-Score Among Toddlers in Low-income Families.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2021Trial
- Toddler obesity prevention: A two-generation randomized attention-controlled trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Parenting and Feeding Styles and Parents' Body Mass Index as Predictors of Body Mass Index and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Mexican Children.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Associations between Meal Patterns and Risk of Overweight/Obesity in Children and Adolescents in Western Countries: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies and Randomised Controlled Trials.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bedtime Regularity and Sleep Sufficiency in Children With Tourette Syndrome.Pediatric neurology · 2024Article
- Correlation between Breastfeeding, Maternal Body Mass Index, and Childhood Obesity.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of household income on the risk of overweight and obesity over time among preschool-aged children: a population-based cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Within-child associations between sleep quality and emotional self-regulation over 6 months among preschool-aged (3- to 5-year-old) children.Frontiers in sleep · 2024Article
- Validating the Problematic Media Use Measure in Preschool-Aged Children: Associations With Children's Screen Media Use, Bothersome Pestering to Use Screen Media, and Emotional Self-Regulation.Technology, mind, and behavior · 2024Article
- Article
- Supporting early childhood routines to promote cardiovascular health across the life course.Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care · 2023Article
- Validation of the Entrainment Signal Regularity Index and associations with children's changes in BMI.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine, in a population-based cohort of 3-year-old children, the association between self-regulation and exposure to the household routines of regular bedtime, regular mealtime and limits on watching television/video, and to determine whether self-regulation and these routines predict the risk of obesity at age 11.
methodsAnalyses included 10 955 children in the nationally representative UK Millennium Cohort Study. When children were age 3, parents reported whether children had a regular bedtime and mealtime, and the amount of television/video watched. Emotional and cognitive self-regulation at age 3 were assessed by parent-report with the Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire. Children's height and weight were measured at age 11 and obesity was defined using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria.
resultsAt age 3, 41% of children always had a regular bedtime, 47% always had a regular mealtime and 23% were limited to ⩽1 h television/video daily. At age 11, 6.2% of children were obese. All three household routines were significantly associated with better emotional self-regulation, but not better cognitive self-regulation. In a multi-variable logistic regression model, including emotional and cognitive self-regulation, all routines and controlling for sociodemographic covariates, a 1-unit difference in emotional self-regulation at age 3 was associated with an OR (95% CI) for obesity of 1.38 (1.11, 1.71) at age 11, and inconsistent bedtimes with an OR (95% CI) for obesity of 1.87 (1.39, 2.51) at age 11. There was no evidence that emotional self-regulation mediated the relationship between regular bedtimes and later obesity. Cognitive self-regulation was not associated with later obesity.
conclusionsThree-year-old children who had regular bedtimes, mealtimes and limits on their television/video time had better emotional self-regulation. Lack of a regular bedtime and poorer emotional self-regulation at age 3 were independent predictors of obesity at age 11.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.