ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2017
Incidence of First Stroke in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women of Childbearing Age: A Population-Based Cohort Study From England.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy and the puerperium: a systematic review and economic evaluation to estimate the value of future research.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage during pregnancy: a comprehensive and systematic review of the literature.Neurosurgical review · 2021Pooled it
- Pregnancy-associated stroke -a systematic review of subsequent pregnancies and maternal health.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Pooled it
- The Effect of Exercise During Pregnancy on Maternal and Offspring Vascular Outcomes: a Pilot Study.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2021Trial
- Acute Limb Ischemia During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Narrative Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cerebrovascular Diagnoses During First Recorded Pregnancies in a 17-Year Period-A Nationwide Analysis of Healthcare Administrative Records Between 2004 and 2020 in a Central-Eastern European Population.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Predisposing Factors, Pathologies, and Precipitating Factors Causing Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Stroke · 2026Review
- Aggregated postpartum cerebral autoregulatory curves in normotensive individuals, preeclampsia with severe features, and superimposed preeclampsia with severe features.Physiological measurement · 2025Observational
- Ischemic Stroke in Women: Understanding Sex-Specific Risk Factors, Treatment Considerations, and Outcomes.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Stroke in Pregnancy and Preeclampsia: Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin Treatment on Collateral Flow Velocity and Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation During Ischemia in Rats.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Article
- Managing pregnancy-related stroke risk with known bilateral internal carotid artery webs.Obstetric medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluation of stroke in pregnant and non-pregnant women of reproductive years: A multicenter ambispective cohort study in a low- to middle-income country.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Risk of Stroke Hospitalization After Infertility Treatment.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Etiology and risk factors of ischemic stroke during pregnancy and puerperium: A population-based study.European stroke journal · 2023Article
- Neurological Complications in Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Methodology for a Clinical Diagnosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Stroke in Pregnancy: A Case Report.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2023Article
- Worsened Stroke Outcome in a Model of Preeclampsia is Associated With Poor Collateral Flow and Oxidative Stress.Stroke · 2023Article
- Secondary headaches in pregnancy and the puerperium.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPregnant women may have an increased risk of stroke compared with nonpregnant women of similar age, but the magnitude and the timing of such risk are unclear. We examined the risk of a first stroke event in women of childbearing age and compared the risk during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period with the background risk outside these periods. METHODS AND
resultsWe conducted an open cohort study of 2 046 048 women aged 15 to 49 years between April 1, 1997, and March 31, 2014, using linked primary (Clinical Practice Research Datalink) and secondary (Hospital Episode Statistics) care records in England. Risk of first stroke was assessed by calculating the incidence rate of stroke in antepartum, peripartum (2 days before until 1 day after delivery), and early (first 6 weeks) and late (second 6 weeks) postpartum periods compared with nonpregnant time using a Poisson regression model with adjustment for maternal age, socioeconomic group, and calendar time. A total of 2511 women had a first stroke. The incidence rate of stroke was 25.0 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 24.0-26.0) in nonpregnant time. The rate was lower antepartum (10.7 per 100 000 person-years, 95% CI 7.6-15.1) but 9-fold higher peripartum (161.1 per 100 000 person-years, 95% CI 80.6-322.1) and 3-fold higher early postpartum (47.1 per 100 000 person-years, 95% CI 31.3-70.9). Rates of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke both increased peripartum and early postpartum.
conclusionsAlthough the absolute risk of first stroke is low in women of childbearing age, healthcare professionals should be aware of a considerable increase in relative risk during the peripartum and early postpartum periods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.