Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28431096›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2017

A new rapid resazurin-based microdilution assay for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Sunniva Foerster, Valentino Desilvestro, Lucy J Hathaway, Christian L Althaus, Magnus Unemo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Current and Emerging Approaches and Technologies for Rapid Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Resistance.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Microbiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. [Establishment and Evaluation of a Resazurin-Based Microdilution Assay for Microbial Sensitivity Test ofSichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Biotransformed soybean cream as a new nutraceutical for skin care: collagen stimulation in vitro and ex vivo.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
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  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sunniva FoersterInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Valentino DesilvestroWorld Trade Institute (WTI), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Lucy J HathawayInstitute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Christian L AlthausInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Magnus UnemoWHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other STIs, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Rapid, cost-effective and objective methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae would greatly enhance surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. Etest, disc diffusion and agar dilution methods are subjective, mostly laborious for large-scale testing and take ∼24 h. We aimed to develop a rapid broth microdilution assay using resazurin (blue), which is converted into resorufin (pink fluorescence) in the presence of viable bacteria. Methods: The resazurin-based broth microdilution assay was established using 132 N. gonorrhoeae strains and the antimicrobials ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin, spectinomycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and penicillin. A regression model was used to estimate the MICs. Assay results were obtained in ∼7.5 h. Results: The EC 50 of the dose-response curves correlated well with Etest MIC values (Pearson's r  = 0.93). Minor errors resulting from misclassifications of intermediate strains were found for 9% of the samples. Major errors (susceptible strains misclassified as resistant) occurred for ceftriaxone (4.6%), cefixime (3.3%), azithromycin (0.6%) and tetracycline (0.2%). Only one very major error was found (a ceftriaxone-resistant strain misclassified as susceptible). Overall the sensitivity of the assay was 97.1% (95% CI 95.2-98.4) and the specificity 78.5% (95% CI 74.5-82.9). Conclusions: A rapid, objective, high-throughput, quantitative and cost-effective broth microdilution assay was established for gonococci. For use in routine diagnostics without confirmatory testing, the specificity might remain suboptimal for ceftriaxone and cefixime. However, the assay is an effective low-cost method to evaluate novel antimicrobials and for high-throughput screening, and expands the currently available methodologies for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in gonococci.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinCefiximeCiprofloxacinDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsFluorescenceGonorrheaHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsNeisseria gonorrhoeaeOxazinesXanthenesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinCefiximeCiprofloxacinOxazinesresazurinXanthenes

Identifiers

PMID28431096
PMCPMC5890744

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.