SynthesisPloS one2017
Incidence and risk factors for post-penetrating keratoplasty glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for the Development of Ocular Hypertension After Keratoplasty: A Systematic Review.Cornea · 2020Pooled it
- Conversion to Glaucoma After Ocular Trauma in Pediatric Patients.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Ocular Hypertension After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- A Pilot Study on Predicting Ocular Hypertension in Chinese Patients Undergoing Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Penetrating Keratoplasty.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurements Using Three Different Methods (Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (GAT), Corvis ST, and iCare) Following Penetrating Keratoplasty.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Preoperative Structural Risk Factors for Glaucoma After Penetrating Keratoplasty for Congenital Corneal Opacity: An Observational Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Article
- Outcomes of sclerokeratoplasty in severe ocular surface disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension and Post-Transplant Complications in Keratoconus: A Multivariable Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Systemic Risk Factors for the Development of Infectious Keratitis after Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Assessment of Corneal Graft Outcomes in a Murine Model of Endothelial Keratoplasty.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The prophylactic value of TNF-α inhibitors against retinal cell apoptosis and optic nerve axon loss after corneal surgery or trauma.Acta ophthalmologica · 2024Article
- Risk factors for intraocular pressure elevation following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty in Asian patients.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Challenges in Managing Secondary Glaucoma Post-Repeat Penetrating Keratoplasty in a Developing Country.International medical case reports journal · 2023Article
- Surgical management of glaucoma following different keratoplasty techniques.International ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Incidence and risk factors for post-penetrating keratoplasty glaucoma.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Commentary: Glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty: A double whammy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Modified Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty Technique to Rescue Failed Penetrating Keratoplasty.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Current Perspectives on Corneal Transplantation.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Review
- Timing of glaucoma treatment in patients with MICOF: A retrospective clinical study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Indications of Keratoplasty and Outcomes of Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty Compared to Penetrating Keratoplasty.Cureus · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo establish the incidence and risk factors for post penetrating keratoplasty glaucoma (PKKG).
methodsStudies published between 1947 and 2016 regarding penetrating keratoplasty (PK) were identified using an electronic search and reviewed. For search purpose, PKKG was defined as ocular hypertension (> 21mmHg) after PK. The incidence and risk factors of PKKG were extracted for all studies. Pooled incidence, odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
resultsThirty studies reporting on 27146 patients were included in the analysis of the incidence and risk factors for PKKG. Exact PKKG definitions used in the literature could be classified in to three subgroups: I, ocular hypertension (> 21mmHg) after PK; II, I plus > 4 weeks medical treatment required; III, II plus treatment escalation among patients with preexisting glaucoma. Overall (Definition I) pooled incidence in all studies was 21.5% (95% CI 17.8%, 25.7%). The incidence varied according to different definitions. The highest incidence value was found when only studies using Goldmann tonometer were included (22.5%), while the lowest incidence was found when a strict definition was used and steroid-induced PPKG was excluded (12.1%). The incidence was higher in patients with preexisting glaucoma, bullous keratopathy (BK), aphakia, pseudophakia, failed graft, and surgical indication of trauma. A triple procedure (combined PK with extra capsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation) was not identified as being associated with the increased risk for PKKG.
conclusionsThe overall pooled incidence of PKKG was 21.5%, but it varied according to the criteria used to define the presence of PPKG. Strong risk factors for PKKG included preexisting glaucoma and aphakia, while modest predictors included pseudophakia, regrafting, and preoperative diagnosis like BK and trauma. There may not be sufficient evidence to identify a significant association between a triple procedure and PKKG.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.