Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28430175›Full record

Trial reportBlood cancer journal2017

Carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone vs lenalidomide-dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma by previous treatment.

M A Dimopoulos, A K Stewart, T Masszi, I Špička, A Oriol, R Hájek, L Rosiñol, D Siegel, G G Mihaylov, V Goranova-Marinova and 10 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Blood cancer journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01080391 (A Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study Comparing Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01080391 phase3completednot on this map

A Randomized, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study Comparing Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (CRd) vs Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) in Subjects With Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

TypeinterventionalSponsorAmgenRan2010 to 2017Enrolled792ConditionsRelapsed Multiple MyelomaArmsDexamethasone, Lenalidomide, Carfilzomib
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Reduced-dose dexamethasone premedication for weekly paclitaxel: a retrospective cohort study of early hypersensitivity reactions and steroid-related toxicity.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Once-weekly (70 mg/mCancer medicine · 2020
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

M A DimopoulosSchool of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
A K StewartDivision of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
T MassziDepartment of Hematology and Stem-Cell Transplantation, St. István and St. László Hospital, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
I ŠpičkaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
A OriolDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain.
R HájekFaculty of Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
L RosiñolDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
D SiegelDivision of Multiple Myeloma, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA.
G G MihaylovHematological Clinic, Queen Joanna University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.
V Goranova-MarinovaHematology Clinic, University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment 'Sv. Georgi' and Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
P RajnicsDepartment of Hematology, Mór Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary.
A SuvorovFirst Republican Clinical Hospital of Udmurtia, Izhevsk, Russia.
R NiesvizkyMultiple Myeloma Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
A JakubowiakMyeloma Program, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
J San-MiguelClinical and Translational Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra-Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain.
H LudwigDepartment of Medicine, Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria.
S RoOnyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., An Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
S AggarwalOnyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., An Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
P MoreauDepartment of Hematology, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
A PalumboMyeloma Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1763-6609

Funding

Project 4: Targeting Resistance to T-Cell Directed Therapy in Multiple MyelomaP50CA186781 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ARIZONA · PI Rafael Fonseca · 2015 to 2026
$25.5M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA186781
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carfilzomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is approved as monotherapy and in combination with dexamethasone or lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The approval of carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (KRd) was based on results from the randomized, phase 3 study ASPIRE (NCT01080391), which showed KRd significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs Rd (median 26.3 vs 17.6 months; hazard ratio (HR)=0.690; P=0.0001). This subgroup analysis of ASPIRE evaluated KRd vs Rd by number of previous lines of therapy and previous exposure to bortezomib, thalidomide or lenalidomide. Treatment with KRd led to a 12-month improvement in median PFS vs Rd after first relapse (HR 0.713) and a 9-month improvement after ⩾2 previous lines of therapy (HR 0.720). Treatment with KRd led to an approximate 8-month improvement vs Rd in median PFS in bortezomib-exposed patients (HR 0.699), a 15-month improvement in thalidomide-exposed patients (HR 0.587) and a 5-month improvement in lenalidomide-exposed patients (HR 0.796). Objective response and complete response or better rates were higher with KRd vs Rd, irrespective of previous treatment. KRd had a favorable benefit-risk profile and should be considered an appropriate treatment option for patients with 1 or ⩾2 previous lines of therapy and those previously exposed to bortezomib, thalidomide or lenalidomide.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsDexamethasoneDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansLenalidomideMaleMiddle AgedMultiple MyelomaNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalOligopeptidesThalidomideTreatment OutcomecarfilzomibDexamethasoneLenalidomideOligopeptidesThalidomide

Identifiers

PMID28430175
PMCPMC5436074

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.