ArticleNeurotoxicity research2017
α-Ketoadipic Acid and α-Aminoadipic Acid Cause Disturbance of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission and Induction of Oxidative Stress In Vitro in Brain of Adolescent Rats.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanism of Guilu Erxian ointment based on targeted metabolomics in interveningFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Trial
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- Mitochondria-centred metabolomic map of inclusion body myositis: sex-specific alterations in central carbon metabolism.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Serum Amino Acid Profiles in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Identification of Metabolomic Markers in Frozen or Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Samples of Diffuse Glioma from Adults.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Behavior, Neural Structure, and Metabolism in Adult Male Mice Exposed to Environmentally Relevant Doses of Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Alone or in a Phthalate Mixture.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Sudden death of a 2-year-old child due to alpha-ketoadipic aciduria.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2022Article
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- Bilberry (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
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14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Tissue accumulation of α-ketoadipic (KAA) and α-aminoadipic (AAA) acids is the biochemical hallmark of α-ketoadipic aciduria. This inborn error of metabolism is currently considered a biochemical phenotype with uncertain clinical significance. Considering that KAA and AAA are structurally similar to α-ketoglutarate and glutamate, respectively, we investigated the in vitro effects of these compounds on glutamatergic neurotransmission in the brain of adolescent rats. Bioenergetics and redox homeostasis were also investigated because they represent fundamental systems for brain development and functioning. We first observed that AAA significantly decreased glutamate uptake, whereas glutamate dehydrogenase activity was markedly inhibited by KAA in a competitive fashion. In addition, AAA and more markedly KAA induced generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (increase of 2',7'-dichloroflurescein (DCFH) oxidation and nitrite/nitrate levels), lipid peroxidation (increase of malondialdehyde concentrations), and protein oxidation (increase of carbonyl formation and decrease of sulfhydryl content), besides decreasing the antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione (GSH)) and aconitase activity. Furthermore, KAA-induced lipid peroxidation and GSH decrease were prevented by the antioxidants α-tocopherol, melatonin, and resveratrol, suggesting the involvement of reactive species in these effects. Noteworthy, the classical inhibitor of NMDA glutamate receptors MK-801 was not able to prevent KAA-induced and AAA-induced oxidative stress, determined by DCFH oxidation and GSH levels, making unlikely a secondary induction of oxidative stress through overstimulation of glutamate receptors. In contrast, KAA and AAA did not significantly change brain bioenergetic parameters. We speculate that disturbance of glutamatergic neurotransmission and redox homeostasis by KAA and AAA may play a role in those cases of α-ketoadipic aciduria that display neurological symptoms.
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