ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2017
Lifestyle use of drugs by healthy people for enhancing cognition, creativity, motivation and pleasure.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- 50 years of harm reduction in Europe: high time for transformation.Harm reduction journal · 2025Review
- Bioethical evaluation of methylphenidate and atomoxetine for pediatric ADHD and cognitive enhancement.Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM · 2025Article
- Ginkgo Biloba as a niche theme cognitive enhancer agent, 1420 dokumen of Scopus database. A bibliometric study from 1988 to 2024.F1000Research · 2025Article
- Medical training to effectively support patients who use substances across practice settings: a scoping review of recommended competencies.Canadian medical education journal · 2024Article
- Factors influencing the use of natural health products, in particular for concentration and cognition in Germany.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- The rising use of cognitive enhancement drugs and predictors of use during COVID-19: findings from a cross-sectional survey of students and university staff in the UK.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Psychostimulants and social behaviors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Ethical principles of traditional Indigenous medicine to guide western psychedelic research and practice.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Review
- Cognitive enhancing supplements and medications in United States Resident Physicians.BMC medical education · 2022Article
- Identification of a Hydroxygallic Acid Derivative, Zingibroside R1 and a Sterol Lipid as Potential Active Ingredients ofNutrients · 2022Article
- Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and Prescription Drug Misuse-Prospective Evidence from Germany.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Cooperative behavior in the workplace: Empirical evidence from the agent-deed-consequences model of moral judgment.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Protocols for cognitive enhancement. A user manual for Brain Health Services-part 5 of 6.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
- Cognitive Enhancement: Unanswered Questions About Human Psychology and Social Behavior.Science and engineering ethics · 2021Article
- The Use and Impact of Cognitive Enhancers among University Students: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- "Hot" and "Cold" Cognition in Users of Club Drugs/Novel Psychoactive Substances.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Bacomics: a comprehensive cross area originating in the studies of various brain-apparatus conversations.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2020Review
- Awareness of users and motivational factors for using new psychoactive substances in Belgium.Harm reduction journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Today, there is continued, and in some cases growing, availability of not only psychoactive substances, including treatments for mental health disorders such as cognitive enhancers, which can enhance or restore brain function, but also 'recreational' drugs such as novel psychoactive substances (NPS). The use of psychoactive drugs has both benefits and risks: whilst new drugs to treat cognitive symptoms in neuropsychiatric or neurodegenerative disorders could have great benefits for many patient groups, the increasing ease of accessibility to recreational NPS and the increasing lifestyle use of cognitive enhancers by healthy people means that the effective management of psychoactive substances will be an issue of increasing importance. Clearly, the potential benefits of cognitive enhancers are large and increasingly relevant, particularly as the population ages, and for this reason, we should continue to devote resources to the development of cognitive enhancers as treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia. However, the increasing use of cognitive enhancers by healthy individuals raises safety, ethical and regulatory concerns, which should not be ignored. Similarly, understanding the short- and long-term consequences of the use of NPS, as well as better understanding the motivations and profiles of users could promote more effective prevention and harm reduction measures. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on Pharmacology of Cognition: a Panacea for Neuropsychiatric Disease? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.19/issuetoc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.