ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2017
Distribution of genotype network sizes in sequence-to-structure genotype-phenotype maps.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- A simple model captures key characteristics of biological non-deterministic genotype-phenotype maps.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Evolution takes multiple paths to evolvability when facing environmental change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Bias in the arrival of variation can dominate over natural selection in Richard Dawkins's biomorphs.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Maximum mutational robustness in genotype-phenotype maps follows a self-similar blancmange-like curve.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
- The structure of genotype-phenotype maps makes fitness landscapes navigable.Nature ecology & evolution · 2022Article
- Fast free-energy-based neutral set size estimates for the RNA genotype-phenotype map.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Article
- Insertions and deletions in the RNA sequence-structure map.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
- Phenotypic-dependent variability and the emergence of tolerance in bacterial populations.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- Populations of genetic circuits are unable to find the fittest solution in a multilevel genotype-phenotype map.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2020Article
- Using small samples to estimate neutral component size and robustness in the genotype-phenotype map of RNA secondary structure.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2020Article
- On the emergence of structural complexity in RNA replicators.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Article
- Degeneracy and genetic assimilation in RNA evolution.BMC bioinformatics · 2018Article
- On the networked architecture of genotype spaces and its critical effects on molecular evolution.Open biology · 2018Review
- Phenotypes can be robust and evolvable if mutations have non-local effects on sequence constraints.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
- Adding levels of complexity enhances robustness and evolvability in a multilevel genotype-phenotype map.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
An essential quantity to ensure evolvability of populations is the navigability of the genotype space. Navigability, understood as the ease with which alternative phenotypes are reached, relies on the existence of sufficiently large and mutually attainable genotype networks. The size of genotype networks (e.g. the number of RNA sequences folding into a particular secondary structure or the number of DNA sequences coding for the same protein structure) is astronomically large in all functional molecules investigated: an exhaustive experimental or computational study of all RNA folds or all protein structures becomes impossible even for moderately long sequences. Here, we analytically derive the distribution of genotype network sizes for a hierarchy of models which successively incorporate features of increasingly realistic sequence-to-structure genotype-phenotype maps. The main feature of these models relies on the characterization of each phenotype through a prototypical sequence whose sites admit a variable fraction of letters of the alphabet. Our models interpolate between two limit distributions: a power-law distribution, when the ordering of sites in the prototypical sequence is strongly constrained, and a lognormal distribution, as suggested for RNA, when different orderings of the same set of sites yield different phenotypes. Our main result is the qualitative and quantitative identification of those features of sequence-to-structure maps that lead to different distributions of genotype network sizes.
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