SynthesisPloS one2017
Systematic review and meta-analysis shows a specific micronutrient profile in people with Down Syndrome: Lower blood calcium, selenium and zinc, higher red blood cell copper and zinc, and higher salivary calcium and sodium.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06943170 (Effects of Aerobic Exercise With and Without Low Calorie Diet on Adiposity and BMI of Overweight and Obese Children With Down Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Aerobic Exercise With and Without Low Calorie Diet on Adiposity and BMI of Overweight and Obese Children With Down Syndrome
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of metabolites involved in bioenergetic pathways reveals a pseudohypoxic state in Down syndrome.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020Pooled it
- Endocrine and Digestive Disorders Arising in Childhood in Down Syndrome and Their Cross-Talk.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of dietary intervention and supplementation on the physiological profile of individuals with down syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Imbalance in Down Syndrome: A Driver of Accelerated Brain Aging?Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Where do neurodevelopmental conditions fit in transdiagnostic psychiatric frameworks? Incorporating a new neurodevelopmental spectrum.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2024Article
- Zinc metabolism and its role in immunity status in subjects with trisomy 21: chromosomal dosage effect.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- A quest for genetic causes underlying signaling pathways associated with neural tube defects.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- The accumulation of copper in the brain of Down syndrome promotes oxidative stress: possible mechanism underlying cognitive impairment.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2022Article
- Profiling of circulating chromosome 21-encoded microRNAs, miR-155, and let-7c, in down syndrome.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2022Article
- Association between the Concentrations of Essential and Toxic Elements in Mid-Trimester Amniotic Fluid and Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities in Pregnant Polish Women.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antioxidants in Down Syndrome: From Preclinical Studies to Clinical Trials.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Neuroinflammatory Markers in the Serum of Prepubertal Children with Down Syndrome.Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Challenges of Pediatric Disease in Adulthood.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2020Article
- The Role of Vitamins in Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Do We Know?Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2019Review
- Red blood cell metabolism in Down syndrome: hints on metabolic derangements in aging.Blood advances · 2017Article
- High salt induced hypertension leads to cognitive defect.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Blood tests and use of nutritional supplements in a cohort of Brazilian children with trisomy 21.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Different metabolic profiles as well as comorbidities are common in people with Down Syndrome (DS). Therefore it is relevant to know whether micronutrient levels in people with DS are also different. This systematic review was designed to review the literature on micronutrient levels in people with DS compared to age and sex-matched controls without DS. We identified sixty nine studies from January 1967 to April 2016 through main electronic medical databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of knowledge. We carried out meta-analysis of the data on four essential trace elements (Cu, Fe, Se, and Zn), six minerals (Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Na, and P), and five vitamins (vitamin A, B9, B12, D, and E). People with DS showed lower blood levels of Ca (standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.16 to -0.09), Se (SMD = -0.99; 95% CI: -1.55 to -0.43), and Zn (SMD = -1.30; 95% CI: -1.75 to -0.84), while red cell levels of Zn (SMD = 1.88; 95% CI: 0.48 to 3.28) and Cu (SMD = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.96 to 3.57) were higher. They had also higher salivary levels of Ca (SMD = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.33) and Na (SMD = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.39 to 1.69). Our findings that micronutrient levels are different in people with DS raise the question whether these differences are related to the different metabolic profiles, the common comorbidities or merely reflect DS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.