ArticlePloS one2017
A large-scale analysis of sex differences in facial expressions.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Understanding attenuated positive facial expression in depressed women: central role of dorsal raphe network alterations and associated serotonin transporter methylation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Social Category Modulation of the Happy Face Advantage.Personality & social psychology bulletin · 2026Article
- Divergence between facial expressions and self-reported emotions: Sex differences in responses to video-based emotional stimuli.PloS one · 2026Article
- Gender predisposition in patient attitudes and preferences during dental treatment - A mixed method study from Lahore, Pakistan.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- What Is Clinical Empathy in Anesthesiology? Perspectives From Practicing Anesthesiologists.A&A practice · 2025Article
- The Development of Emotion Recognition Skills from Childhood to Adolescence.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Article
- Validation of the Emotionally Congruent and Incongruent Face-Body Static Set (ECIFBSS).Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Brain mechanisms associated with facial encoding of affective states.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Facial Regulation During Dyadic Interaction: Interpersonal Effects on Cooperation.Affective science · 2023Article
- The effect of survey administration mode on youth mental health measures: Social desirability bias and sensitive questions.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Optomyography-based sensing of facial expression derived arousal and valence in adults with depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Automated detection of smiles as discrete episodes.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Psychological impact in the time of COVID-19: A cross-sectional population survey study during confinement.Journal of health psychology · 2022Article
- Exploring the moderating role of gender in the relation between emotional expressivity and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity among Black trauma-exposed college students at a historically Black university.Journal of clinical psychology · 2022Article
- Subjective and objective difficulty of emotional facial expression perception from dynamic stimuli.PloS one · 2022Article
- Unilateral Blinking: Insights from Stereo-EEG and Tractography.Brain topography · 2021Article
- Correlations Between Facial Expressivity and Apathy in Elderly People With Neurocognitive Disorders: Exploratory Study.JMIR formative research · 2021Article
- A Novel Test of the Duchenne Marker: Smiles After Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Crow's Feet Wrinkles.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Audiovisual emotion perception develops differently from audiovisual phoneme perception during childhood.PloS one · 2020Article
- Explicit and Implicit Responses of Seeing Own vs. Others' Emotions: An Electromyographic Study on the Neurophysiological and Cognitive Basis of the Self-Mirroring Technique.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There exists a stereotype that women are more expressive than men; however, research has almost exclusively focused on a single facial behavior, smiling. A large-scale study examines whether women are consistently more expressive than men or whether the effects are dependent on the emotion expressed. Studies of gender differences in expressivity have been somewhat restricted to data collected in lab settings or which required labor-intensive manual coding. In the present study, we analyze gender differences in facial behaviors as over 2,000 viewers watch a set of video advertisements in their home environments. The facial responses were recorded using participants' own webcams. Using a new automated facial coding technology we coded facial activity. We find that women are not universally more expressive across all facial actions. Nor are they more expressive in all positive valence actions and less expressive in all negative valence actions. It appears that generally women express actions more frequently than men, and in particular express more positive valence actions. However, expressiveness is not greater in women for all negative valence actions and is dependent on the discrete emotional state.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.