ArticleThe Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
The Deployment Trauma Phenotype and Employment Status in Veterans of the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Article in The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship Between Mental Health and Employment Status Among United States Veterans: A Systematic Review.Military medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Characterizing the Risk of Depression Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature Comparing Chronic mTBI to Non-mTBI Populations.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Veterans' perspectives on two transdiagnostic group workshops to improve military to civilian reintegration: A comparative thematic analysis.Psychological services · 2026Trial
- Massed vs Intensive Outpatient Prolonged Exposure for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Online Telehealth Delivery of Group Mental Health Treatment Is Safe, Feasible, and Increases Enrollment and Attendance in Post-9/11 U.S. Veterans.Behavior therapy · 2022Trial
- Effect of Evidence-Based Supported Employment vs Transitional Work on Achieving Steady Work Among Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Linking Neurobehavioral Symptoms to Productive Activities in Post-9/11 Veterans: A Correlational Analysis Using TVMI Data.Military medicine · 2026Article
- Peritraumatic Context and Long-Term Outcomes of Concussion.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Examination of Congruity between Subjective and Objective Working Memory in Veterans with Mild TBI and Relation to Psychiatric Symptoms and Childhood Trauma.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of clinical outcomes and employment status in veterans with dual diagnosis of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Review
- Intentional Self-Harm Among US Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Retrospective Cohort Study From 2008 to 2017.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Association between modifiable social determinants and mental health among post-9/11 Veterans: A systematic review.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2023Article
- Self-reported physical functioning, cardiometabolic health conditions, and health care utilization patterns in Million Veteran Program enrollees with Traumatic Brain Injury Screening and Evaluation Program data.Military Medical Research · 2023Observational
- Regional associations of white matter integrity and neurological, post-traumatic stress disorder and autonomic symptoms in Veterans with and without history of loss of consciousness in mild TBI.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2023Article
- The association between blast exposure and transdiagnostic health symptoms on systemic inflammation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Associations between Post-Traumatic stress disorder symptoms and automobile driving behaviors: A review of the literature.Accident; analysis and prevention · 2022Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Individual Placement and Support Compared to Transitional Work Program for Veterans with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.Administration and policy in mental health · 2022Article
- Blast mild traumatic brain injury is associated with increased myopia and chronic convergence insufficiency.Vision research · 2021Article
- Perspectives on Primary Blast Injury of the Brain: Translational Insights Into Non-inertial Low-Intensity Blast Injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence of comorbid mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression, termed the deployment trauma phenotype (DTP), and its constituent diagnoses' impact on unemployment status in a national cohort of veterans.
settingRetrospective analysis of the comprehensive TBI evaluation, a Veterans Affairs-wide protocol for assessing TBI, employment status, and psychiatric impressions.
participantsThe final data set consisted of 48 821 veterans. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Frequency of mTBI, PTSD, and depression in isolation and combinations and their association with unemployment status.
resultsAge- and education-adjusted risk ratios (RRs) showed that the mTBI-only group was the least likely to be unemployed, RR = 0.65 (0.59-0.71). By contrast, the greatest likelihood of unemployment was associated with membership in the DTP group, RR = 1.45 (1.36-1.56), and the comorbid PTSD and depression group, RR = 1.39 (1.27-1.52). Furthermore, the DTP was nearly 3 times more prevalent (16.4%) in this sample compared with comorbid PTSD and depression (5.7%), indicating that the DTP conveys risk for unemployment to a significantly greater number of individuals. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The comorbid and interactive conditions of PTSD, depression, and mTBI, rather than mTBI in isolation, were linked to significant risk for unemployment in this veteran cohort. These findings suggest that multifaceted assessments and interventions to improve postdeployment reintegration are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.