ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Single-cell analysis of HIV-1 transcriptional activity reveals expression of proviruses in expanded clones during ART.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal study reveals HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell dynamics during long-term antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Cell-associated HIV-1 RNA predicts viral rebound and disease progression after discontinuation of temporary early ART.JCI insight · 2020Trial
- HIV-1 in lymph nodes is maintained by cellular proliferation during antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- No evidence of HIV replication in children on antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017Trial
- Review
- 5' leader defects drive persistent HIV-1 viremia on long-term ART.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Therapeutic modulation of HIV-1 using miRNAs and lncRNAs: from bench to bedside.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Transcription of HIV-1 is heterogenous among authentic latent CD4+ T cell clones.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Elimination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoirs Harboring Intact Proviruses.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Single-cell characterization of the gastrointestinal HIV reservoir reveals heterogeneous cellular phenotypes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Tools to Quantify and Characterize the Persistent Reservoir in People with HIV-1: Focus on Non-B Subtypes.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- RNA splicing patterns contribute to burst size variation among HIV-1-infected Jurkat cell clones.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Ultra-low level HIV p24 drives immune activation in antiretroviral therapy-treated people living with HIV.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Aberrant strand transfer events across multiple stages of reverse transcription shape the heterogeneous landscape of the HIV-1 reservoir.Communications biology · 2025Article
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Resist to persist: resistance of the HIV reservoir to immune-mediated clearance.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- In vivo detection of antisense HIV-1 transcripts in untreated and ART-treated individuals.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Applications and limitations of the passenger hypothesis for HIV reservoir persistence and cure.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- In vitro HIV DNA integration in STAT3 drives T cell persistence-A model of HIV-associated T cell lymphoma.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Little is known about the fraction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviruses that express unspliced viral RNA in vivo or about the levels of HIV RNA expression within single infected cells. We developed a sensitive cell-associated HIV RNA and DNA single-genome sequencing (CARD-SGS) method to investigate fractional proviral expression of HIV RNA (1.3-kb fragment of p6, protease, and reverse transcriptase) and the levels of HIV RNA in single HIV-infected cells from blood samples obtained from individuals with viremia or individuals on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Spiking experiments show that the CARD-SGS method can detect a single cell expressing HIV RNA. Applying CARD-SGS to blood mononuclear cells in six samples from four HIV-infected donors (one with viremia and not on ART and three with viremia suppressed on ART) revealed that an average of 7% of proviruses (range: 2-18%) expressed HIV RNA. Levels of expression varied from one to 62 HIV RNA molecules per cell (median of 1). CARD-SGS also revealed the frequent expression of identical HIV RNA sequences across multiple single cells and across multiple time points in donors on suppressive ART consistent with constitutive expression of HIV RNA in infected cell clones. Defective proviruses were found to express HIV RNA at levels similar to those proviruses that had no obvious defects. CARD-SGS is a useful tool to characterize fractional proviral expression in single infected cells that persist despite ART and to assess the impact of experimental interventions on proviral populations and their expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.