ArticleOncotarget2017
CCR4 is a determinant of melanoma brain metastasis.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain metastases: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on current management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2022Guideline
- CCR-CCL axes as key upstream influencers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: CCR2-CCL2, CCR5-CCL5, CCR4-CCL17/22, CCR6-CCL20, CCR7-CCL19/21.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Use of Biologics for Targeting GPCRs in Metastatic Cancers.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics and functional validation revealed PLEKHA5-L as a promoter of growth and migration in brain metastatic melanoma cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Cell fusion between tumor cells and macrophages promotes the metastasis of OSCC patient through the activation of the chemokine signaling pathway.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Chemokines in the tumor microenvironment: implications for lung cancer and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Current Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastases.Cancers · 2023Review
- Chemokines as possible therapeutic targets in metastatic melanoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Review
- Immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- Rethinking the chemokine cascade in brain metastasis: Preventive and therapeutic implications.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
- MCP-1/CCR2 axis inhibition sensitizes the brain microenvironment against melanoma brain metastasis progression.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Targeting CCL2-CCR4 axis suppress cell migration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Cancer microenvironment and genomics: evolution in process.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2022Review
- Review
- Chemokine Pathways in Cutaneous Melanoma: Their Modulation by Cancer and Exploitation by the Clinician.Cancers · 2021Review
- CCR4 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Melanoma models for the next generation of therapies.Cancer cell · 2021Review
- Site-specific metastasis: A cooperation between cancer cells and the metastatic microenvironment.International journal of cancer · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We previously identified the chemokine receptor CCR4 as part of the molecular signature of melanoma brain metastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the functional significance of CCR4 in melanoma brain metastasis. We show that CCR4 is more highly expressed by brain metastasizing melanoma cells than by local cutaneous cells from the same melanoma. Moreover, we found that the expression of CCR4 is significantly higher in paired clinical specimens of melanoma metastases than in samples of primary tumors from the same patients. Notably, the expression of the CCR4 ligands, Ccl22 and Ccl17 is upregulated at the earliest stages of brain metastasis, and precedes the infiltration of melanoma cells to the brain. In-vitro, CCL17 induced migration and transendothelial migration of melanoma cells. Functionally, human melanoma cells over-expressing CCR4 were more tumorigenic and produced a higher load of spontaneous brain micrometastasis than control cells. Blocking CCR4 with a small molecule CCR4 antagonist in-vivo, reduced the tumorigenicity and micrometastasis formation of melanoma cells. Taken together, these findings implicate CCR4 as a driver of melanoma brain metastasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.