ArticleJournal of consulting and clinical psychology2017
Girls with childhood ADHD as adults: Cross-domain outcomes by diagnostic persistence.
Article in Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine in Pregnancy and Possible Adverse Fetal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors of suicidal spectrum behaviors in adults and adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder - a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Long-Term Suicide Risk of Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- The Transition of Youth with ADHD into the Workforce: Review and Future Directions.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of music therapy as an alternative treatment on depression in children and adolescents with ADHD by activating serotonin and improving stress coping ability.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Trial
- Functional Impairments and Adverse Outcomes Associated with ADHD: A Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Intersecting trajectories of childhood ADHD, socioeconomic deprivation and distinct multimorbidity patterns in women.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Pathways to alcohol use and problems in adulthood for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): The role of common impairments above and beyond ADHD symptom persistence.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Article
- Peer Preference and Executive Functioning Development: Longitudinal Relations Among Females With and Without ADHD.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- The adolescent dysregulation profile and its association with educational, occupational, and substance use outcomes in emerging adulthood.International journal of behavioral development · 2025Article
- Adult Diagnosis of ADHD in Women: A Mixed Methods Investigation.Journal of attention disorders · 2025Article
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Girls and the Risk of Unplanned Pregnancies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Research advances and future directions in female ADHD: the lifelong interplay of hormonal fluctuations with mood, cognition, and disease.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Review
- Being a Woman Is 100% Significant to My Experiences of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism: Exploring the Gendered Implications of an Adulthood Combined Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis.Qualitative health research · 2024Article
- Problematic social Internet use and associations with ADHD symptoms in girls: a longitudinal observational study.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- ADHD Symptoms in Childhood and Big Five Personality Traits in Adolescence: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study in Girls.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Article
- A Qualitative Analysis of Perspectives on Self-directed Violence in a Prospective Longitudinal Study of Young Women With and Without Childhood ADHD.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- Pubertal timing in adolescents with ADHD: extension and replication in an all-female sample.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo ascertain adult outcomes in 10 domains reflecting symptomatology (internalizing, externalizing, self-injury, substance use), attainment (education, employment), and impairment (health, social, driving, overall) as a function of both childhood diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and persistence of ADHD symptoms across time.
methodWe prospectively followed 140 grade-school-aged girls with rigorously diagnosed childhood ADHD and 88 age- and ethnicity-matched comparison girls for 16 years. Outcome measures were obtained via self- and parent-report questionnaires, interviews, and objective tests.
resultsChildhood ADHD, whether it remitted or persisted, was a pernicious risk factor for a limited number of poor outcomes, including low educational attainment, unplanned pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), and clinician-rated impairment. Childhood ADHD that persisted over time, whether completely or partially, was associated with a number of additional detrimental outcomes in the externalizing, internalizing, self-injury, occupational, social, and overall impairment domains. Finally, in this all-female sample, ADHD was not associated with objective measures of employment, substance use, or driving outcomes.
conclusionsWe discuss the considerable impairments accruing from both childhood-limited and adult-persisting ADHD, with major implications for the health and well-being of females with this neurodevelopmental disorder. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.