ArticleOncotarget2017
Non-invasive assessment of murine PD-L1 levels in syngeneic tumor models by nuclear imaging with nanobody tracers.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- CF2H: a cell-free two-hybrid platform for rapid protein binder screening.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Potentiating cancer immunotherapies with modular albumin-hitchhiking nanobody-STING agonist conjugates.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- A Study on the Efficacy and Pharmacological Mechanism of Liposome Complexes Containing STING Agonist and Anti-PD-L1 Nanobody in Inhibiting HCC.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Structure-activity relationship ofEJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2025Article
- Quantitative response assessment of combined immunotherapy in a murine melanoma model using multiparametric MRI.European radiology experimental · 2025Article
- Combinatorial leaky probiotic for anticancer immunopotentiation and tumor eradication.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Single-Domain Antibodies as Antibody-Drug Conjugates: From Promise to Practice-A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- Application ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Chelator impact: investigating the pharmacokinetic behavior of copper-64 labeled PD-L1 radioligands.EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2024Article
- Integrating Artificial Intelligence and PET Imaging for Drug Discovery: A Paradigm Shift in Immunotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Advancements in nuclear imaging using radiolabeled nanobody tracers to support cancer immunotherapy.Immunotherapy advances · 2024Review
- Scrutiny of chimeric antigen receptor activation by the extracellular domain: experience with single domain antibodies targeting multiple myeloma cells highlights the need for case-by-case optimization.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Small-Molecule-Based Radioligands with Improved Pharmacokinetic Properties for Imaging of Programmed Death Ligand 1.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Advances in PET/CT Imaging for Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Design and Biological Evaluation of Small-Molecule PET-Tracers for Imaging of Programmed Death Ligand 1.Cancers · 2023Article
- Application Progress of the Single Domain Antibody in Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Potent Therapeutic Strategies for COVID-19 with Single-Domain Antibody Immunoliposomes Neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 and Lip/cGAMP Enhancing Protective Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Nanobody-mediated SPECT/CT imaging reveals the spatiotemporal expression of programmed death-ligand 1 in response to a CD8Theranostics · 2023Article
- Development and evaluation of nanobody tracers for noninvasive nuclear imaging of the immune-checkpoint TIGIT.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blockade of the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis is a promising cancer treatment. Nonetheless, a significant number of patients and malignancies do not respond to this therapy. To develop a screen for response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition, it is critical to develop a non-invasive tool to accurately assess dynamic immune checkpoint expression. Here we evaluated non-invasive SPECT/CT imaging of PD-L1 expression, in murine tumor models with varying PD-L1 expression, using high affinity PD-L1-specific nanobodies (Nbs). We generated and characterized 37 Nbs recognizing mouse PD-L1. Among those, four Nbs C3, C7, E2 and E4 were selected and evaluated for preclinical imaging of PD-L1 in syngeneic mice. We performed SPECT/CT imaging in wild type versus PD-L1 knock-out mice, using Technetium-99m (99mTc) labeled Nbs. Nb C3 and E2 showed specific antigen binding and beneficial biodistribution. Through the use of CRISPR/Cas9 PD-L1 knock-out TC-1 lung epithelial cell lines, we demonstrate that SPECT/CT imaging using Nb C3 and E2 identifies PD-L1 expressing tumors, but not PD-L1 non-expressing tumors, thereby confirming the diagnostic potential of the selected Nbs. In conclusion, these data show that Nbs C3 and E2 can be used to non-invasively image PD-L1 levels in the tumor, with the strength of the signal correlating with PD-L1 levels. These findings warrant further research into the use of Nbs as a tool to image inhibitory signals in the tumor environment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.