ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2017
Barriers and facilitators to HIV testing among young men who have sex with men and transgender women in Kingston, Jamaica: a qualitative study.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- HIV testing barriers and intervention strategies among men, transgender women, female sex workers and incarcerated persons in the Caribbean: a systematic review.Sexually transmitted infections · 2020Pooled it
- Thematic synthesis HIV prevention qualitative studies in men who have sex with men (MSM).Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia) · 2019Pooled it
- HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Substance-Using Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults: Baseline Survey of a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Trial
- Perceptions among transgender women of factors associated with the access to HIV/AIDS-related health services in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Knowledge and HIV-Related Stigmatizing Attitudes Among Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- HIV testing experiences and perceptions among Black transgender and nonbinary people in New Orleans, LA.Journal of HIV/AIDS & social services · 2026Article
- HIV treatment cascade and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A qualitative study of the ecology of stigma experiences - An application of the ecological model to stigma experiences of trans-women from Ghana. BSGH019.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Understanding care experiences amongst immigrant and refugee clients in a Ryan-White funded HIV clinic.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators for optimizing HIV screening target trans women in Taiwan: Convergent mixed-method design.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Exploring Effects of Race and Differential Item Functioning on PrEP Stigma Experiences: Implications for Latent Stigma Measurement in Racially and Sexually Diverse Populations.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Determinants of antiretroviral therapy adherence among transgender women in South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024Article
- Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru: evidence from a nationwide survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Refining Multilevel Barrier and Facilitator Measures for HIV Testing and PrEP Among Latino Sexual Minority Men.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2024Article
- A sentiment and content analysis of tweets on monkeypox stigma among the LGBTQ+ community: A cue to risk communication plan.Dialogues in health · 2023Article
- "We must help them despite who they are…": healthcare providers' attitudes and perspectives on care for young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Factors Influencing Monkeypox Vaccination: A Cue to Policy Implementation.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- De-medicalized and decentralized HIV testing: a strategy to test hard-to-reach men who have sex with men in Cameroon.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- A descriptive retrospective study on HIV care cascade in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines.PloS one · 2023Article
- Challenges with couples HIV counselling and testing among black MSM students: perspectives of university students in Durban, South Africa.SAHARA J : journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionYoung men who have sex with men (MSM) in Jamaica have the highest HIV prevalence in the Caribbean. There is little information about HIV among transgender women in Jamaica, who are also overrepresented in the Caribbean epidemic. HIV-related stigma is a barrier to HIV testing among Jamaica's general population, yet little is known of MSM and transgender women's HIV testing experiences in Jamaica. We explored perceived barriers and facilitators to HIV testing among young MSM and transgender women in Kingston, Jamaica.
methodsWe implemented a community-based research project in collaboration with HIV and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) agencies in Kingston. We held two focus groups, one with young (aged 18-30 years) transgender women (n = 8) and one with young MSM (n = 10). We conducted 53 in-depth individual semi-structured interviews focused on HIV testing experiences with young MSM (n = 20), transgender women (n = 20), and community-based key informants (n = 13). We conducted thematic analysis to identify, analyze, and report themes.
resultsParticipant narratives revealed social-ecological barriers and facilitators to HIV testing. Barriers included healthcare provider mistreatment, confidentiality breaches, and HIV-related stigma: these spanned interpersonal, community and structural levels. Healthcare provider discrimination and judgment in HIV testing provision presented barriers to accessing HIV services (e.g. treatment), and resulted in participants hiding their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. Confidentiality concerns included: clinic physical arrangements that segregated HIV testing from other health services, fear that healthcare providers would publicly disclose their status, and concerns at LGBT-friendly clinics that peers would discover they were getting tested. HIV-related stigma contributed to fear of testing HIV-positive; this intersected with the stigma of HIV as a "gay" disease. Participants also anticipated healthcare provider mistreatment if they tested HIV positive. Participants identified individual (belief in benefits of knowing one's HIV status), social (social support) and structural (accessible testing) factors that can increase HIV testing uptake.
conclusionFindings suggest the need for policy and practice changes to enhance confidentiality and reduce discrimination in Jamaica. Interventions to challenge HIV-related and LGBT stigma in community and healthcare settings can enhance access to the HIV prevention cascade among MSM and transgender youth in Jamaica.
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