ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2018
Discrimination Fully Mediates the Effects of Incarceration History on Depressive Symptoms and Psychological Distress Among African American Men.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Does criminal justice stigma affect health and health care utilization? A systematic review of public health and medical literature.International journal of prisoner health · 2020Pooled it
- Exploring Social Determinants of Cognitive Functioning: History of Criminal Legal System Involvement and Processing Speed among Older Black Americans.Sociological focus · 2026Article
- Mental health treatment experiences before, during, and after incarceration: Perspectives of formerly incarcerated Black men.Psychological services · 2026Article
- The lasting impact of incarceration: A qualitative thematic analysis of mental health in formerly incarcerated Black men.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- "I Know What I Need": A Mixed Methods Study of Mental Health-Seeking Behaviors in Formerly Incarcerated Black Men.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Trauma Erodes Financial Returns of Educational Attainment.Open journal of educational research · 2025Article
- The Causes and Consequences of Stigma among Individuals Involved in the Criminal Legal System: A Systematic Review.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Beyond Discrimination: Generative AI Applications and Ethical Challenges in Forensic Psychiatry.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Incarceration's lingering health effects on Black men: impacts persist into retirement.AIMS public health · 2024Article
- Prior Incarceration Is Associated with Poor Mental Health at Midlife: Findings from a National Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Food Insecurity Among Older Adults with a History of Incarceration.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2023Article
- Religion, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Gender Role Conflict Among Incarcerated Black Men.Psychology of men & masculinity · 2023Article
- A Sociobehavioral Model of Racism against the Black Community and Avenues for Anti-Racism Research.Behavior analysis in practice · 2022Article
- Racial Discrimination, Mental Health and Behavioral Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a National Survey in the United States.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- The Stigma of Criminal Legal Involvement and Health: a Conceptual Framework.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Social Determinants of Health and Depression among African American Adults: A Scoping Review of Current Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Strengths despite stress: Social-structural stressors and psychosocial buffers of depressive symptoms among U.S. Black men.The American journal of orthopsychiatry · 2022Article
- Policing Is a Public Health Issue: The Important Role of Health Educators.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2021Article
- Taking Diversity Seriously: Within-Group Heterogeneity in African American Extended Family Support Networks.Journal of marriage and the family · 2021Article
- Intersectional social control: The roles of incarceration and police discrimination in psychological and HIV-related outcomes for Black sexual minority men.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimUsing a nationally representative sample of African American men, this study investigated the associations between lifetime history of incarceration, discrimination, and mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms and psychological distress). We hypothesized that discrimination would fully mediate the association between incarceration history and mental health outcomes among African American men.
methodsUsing a cross-sectional design, our analysis included 1271 African American men who participated in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), 2001-2003. Incarceration history was the main independent variable. Depressive symptoms and psychological distress were the dependent variables. Everyday discrimination was the mediator. Age, education, and income were covariates. Structural equation models (SEMs) were used for data analysis.
resultsAmong African American men, incarceration history was positively associated with perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, and psychological distress. Everyday discrimination fully mediated the associations between incarceration history and both depressive symptoms and psychological distress.
conclusionDiscrimination may play an important role in the mental health problems of African American men with a history of incarceration. These findings have public policy implications as well as clinical implications for mental health promotion of African American men. Policies that reduce preventable incarceration or at least reduce subsequent discrimination for those who have been incarcerated may enhance mental health of previously incarcerated African American men.
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