ArticleBMJ open2017
Linkage into care among newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals tested through outreach and facility-based HIV testing models in Mbeya, Tanzania: a prospective mixed-method cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions to Improve Linkage to HIV Care in the Era of "Treat All" in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Pooled it
- Facilitators of and barriers to linkage to HIV care and treatment in Morogoro, Tanzania: a sequentially mixed-methods evaluation.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- A study protocol to engage religious leaders to reduce blood pressure in Tanzanian communities: A cluster randomized trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Guidelines for the transfer of people living with HIV attending primary healthcare facilities in South Africa: a scoping review.International health · 2025Article
- Correlates of never testing for HIV among men who have sex with men in Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Village health team-delivered oral HIV self-testing increases linkage-to-care and antiretroviral-therapy initiation among men in Uganda.AIDS care · 2024Article
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- Secondary distribution of HIV self-test kits from males to their female sexual partners in two fishing communities in rural Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Reaching transgender populations in Zambia for HIV prevention and linkage to treatment using community-based service delivery.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- Costs and cost-effectiveness of HIV counselling and testing modalities in Southern Mozambique.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2022Article
- Screening Adults for HIV Testing in the Outpatient Department: An Assessment of Tool Performance in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- The Shinyanga Patient: A Patient's Journey through HIV Treatment Cascade in Rural Tanzania.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Long-Distance Travel for HIV-Related Care-Burden or Choice?: A Mixed Methods Study in Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
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- Understanding factors influencing linkage to HIV care in a rural setting, Mbeya, Tanzania: qualitative findings of a mixed methods study.BMC public health · 2019Article
- A Patient-Centered Multicomponent Strategy for Accelerated Linkage to Care Following Community-Wide HIV Testing in Rural Uganda and Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Toward Improving Accessibility of Point-of-Care Diagnostic Services for Maternal and Child Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Point of care · 2019Article
- QUALITY IMPROVEMENT APPROACH FOR INCREASING LINKAGE TO HIV CARE AND TREATMENT AMONG NEWLY-DIAGNOSED HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN KENYAN URBAN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS DURING 2011-2015.East African medical journal · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveLinkage to care is the bridge between HIV testing and HIV treatment, care and support. In Tanzania, mobile testing aims to address historically low testing rates. Linkage to care was reported at 14% in 2009 and 28% in 2014. The study compares linkage to care of HIV-positive individuals tested at mobile/outreach versus public health facility-based services within the first 6 months of HIV diagnosis.
settingRural communities in four districts of Mbeya Region, Tanzania.
participantsA total of 1012 newly diagnosed HIV-positive adults from 16 testing facilities were enrolled into a two-armed cohort and followed for 6 months between August 2014 and July 2015. 840 (83%) participants completed the study.
main outcome measuresWe compared the ratios and time variance in linkage to care using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and Log rank tests. Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate factors associated with time variance in linkage.
resultsAt the end of 6 months, 78% of all respondents had linked into care, with differences across testing models. 84% (CI 81% to 87%, n=512) of individuals tested at facility-based site were linked to care compared to 69% (CI 65% to 74%, n=281) of individuals tested at mobile/outreach. The median time to linkage was 1 day (IQR: 1-7.5) for facility-based site and 6 days (IQR: 3-11) for mobile/outreach sites. Participants tested at facility-based site were 78% more likely to link than those tested at mobile/outreach when other variables were controlled (AHR=1.78; 95% CI 1.52 to 2.07). HIV status disclosure to family/relatives was significantly associated with linkage to care (AHR=2.64; 95% CI 2.05 to 3.39).
conclusionsLinkage to care after testing HIV positive in rural Tanzania has increased markedly since 2014, across testing models. Individuals tested at facility-based sites linked in significantly higher proportion and modestly sooner than mobile/outreach tested individuals. Mobile/outreach testing models bring HIV testing services closer to people. Strategies to improve linkage from mobile/outreach models are needed.
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