ReviewLancet (London, England)2017
Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,650 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Racism-based Stress Injury and Biomarkers of Stress: A Feasibility Study and Correlation Study
Implementation of a Triadic Network Case Management Intervention for Along the Status Neutral HIV Care Continuum
Race and Socioeconomic Position: Examining Common Social Pathways to Disease Risk
Arlington Longitudinal Optimal Healthy Aging Study (ALOHA)
Pilot Study of an Adapted Partner Navigation Intervention Booster Session for Sustained Healthcare Engagement Among People Who Inject Drugs
Who cites it
2,650 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence, association, and associated factors of diabetes mellitus in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Spinal cord · 2026Pooled it
- Reporting race and ethnicity in aging in place research: A systematic review.The Gerontologist · 2026Pooled it
- Structural Vulnerability in Health Research: A Systematic Mixed Studies Review.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Pooled it
- Older adults and online health misinformation: a systematic literature review.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Do Geographic Barriers and Community Vulnerability Impact PrEP Use Among Transgender Latinas in the US South? Findings from the ChiCAS Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- Exploratory Analysis of Mental Health and Quality of Life Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Sitting Time in Older Adults With Obesity.Journal of aging and physical activity · 2026Trial
- COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors and Mistrust Among Black and Latino Public Housing Residents in NYC.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness Outcomes from a Social Network Diffusion Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination among Individuals Impacted by the Criminal Legal System in Urban U.S. Cities.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Trial
- Adaptive Mobile Health Intervention to Reduce Excess Gestational Weight Gain: A Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Design and method considerations for equity-centered implementation science and practice: A PEDALs approach.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- The roots of resistance: An institutional ethnography of faculty opposition to social justice curricula in undergraduate medical education.Medical education · 2026Article
- Structural Racism and Coalition Decision-Making: A Qualitative Study of Opioid Prevention and Treatment Implementation.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Health Inequalities, Intersectionality, and Justice.The Milbank quarterly · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Nonresponse Rate to Experiences of Discrimination: A Secondary Analysis of the nuMoM2b Dataset.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Obesity Disparities in California Vary by School Ethnic Segregation and School Neighbourhood Income.Pediatric obesity · 2026Observational
- Reframing Obesity as Collective Vulnerability in Black Churches in The USA: Implications for Clergy Leadership, Health Equity, and Pastoral Identity.Journal of religion and health · 2026Article
- Federal housing assistance, cancer care, and overall survival among older adults with prostate cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- De-Escalation in United Kingdom Inpatient Mental Health Care: A Structured Critical Narrative Synthesis of People, Capability and Context.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Review
- Place-Based Structural Disadvantage, Lethal Police Violence, and Adverse Birth Outcomes Among Black Birthing People.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Structural and social determinants of health shape the impact of neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology on cognitive functioning in black adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
2,590 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite growing interest in understanding how social factors drive poor health outcomes, many academics, policy makers, scientists, elected officials, journalists, and others responsible for defining and responding to the public discourse remain reluctant to identify racism as a root cause of racial health inequities. In this conceptual report, the third in a Series on equity and equality in health in the USA, we use a contemporary and historical perspective to discuss research and interventions that grapple with the implications of what is known as structural racism on population health and health inequities. Structural racism refers to the totality of ways in which societies foster racial discrimination through mutually reinforcing systems of housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, health care, and criminal justice. These patterns and practices in turn reinforce discriminatory beliefs, values, and distribution of resources. We argue that a focus on structural racism offers a concrete, feasible, and promising approach towards advancing health equity and improving population health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28402827What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.