ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2017
Incidence Trends of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes among Youths, 2002-2012.
Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 773 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Real-time Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Overweight or Obese Adults With Prediabetes
Sleep Duration and Glycemic Control in Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Defining the Role of Management Factors in Outcome Disparity in Pediatric T1D
Does Combined Caffeine and Carbohydrate Ingestion Counter the Exercise-mediated Fall in Glycaemia in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes on Insulin Degludec? The DE-CAF Study
A Randomized, Sham-controlled Trial: Endoscopic Myotomy of the Pylorus To Improve Emptying and Symptoms (EMPTIES)
Who cites it
773 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,461 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depression comorbidity in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating efficacy and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in diabetes treatment: a meta-analysis and network pharmacology study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Association of metformin use with risk and survival outcome of esophageal cancer in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025 · on this mapPooled it
- Skin autofluorescence is associated with blood glucose levels, especially in children with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025Pooled it
- The Reporting Quality of Machine Learning Studies on Pediatric Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Pediatric Patients and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Pediatric diabetes · 2024Pooled it
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- A Systematic Review of Methodologies Used in Models of the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Pooled it
- High BMI and the risk for incident type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated cohort studies.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Pooled it
- Adipose Depot Changes and Associated Metabolic Risk in the Longitudinal Health Influences of Puberty Study.Pediatric obesity · 2026Trial
- Feasibility and acceptability of the TEAM pilot trial with African American and Latino families.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2025Trial
- Trial and Participant Characteristics of a Home-Visiting Diabetes Intervention: TheJournal of diabetes research · 2025Trial
- Hybrid Closed Loop Systems Improve Glycemic Control and Quality of Life in Historically Minoritized Youth with Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2024Trial
- The Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas Improves Glycemic Control in Non-Hispanic White and Minority Adults and Children With Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2023Trial
- Well, How Did We Get Here? The Current State of Pediatric Endocrinology.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2026Article
- Islet Autoantibody Patterns Vary by Race and Ethnicity and Area Deprivation Index for Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Clinical, Socioeconomic, and Demographic Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in a Hospital-Based Screening Program: A Cross-Sectional Study in Oslo, Norway.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of Body Size on Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes Development and Progression.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Article
713 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiagnoses of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youths present a substantial clinical and public health burden. The prevalence of these diseases increased in the 2001-2009 period, but data on recent incidence trends are lacking.
methodsWe ascertained cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus at five study centers in the United States. Denominators (4.9 million youths annually) were obtained from the U.S. Census or health-plan member counts. After the calculation of annual incidence rates for the 2002-2012 period, we analyzed trends using generalized autoregressive moving-average models with 2-year moving averages.
resultsA total of 11,245 youths with type 1 diabetes (0 to 19 years of age) and 2846 with type 2 diabetes (10 to 19 years of age) were identified. Overall unadjusted estimated incidence rates of type 1 diabetes increased by 1.4% annually (from 19.5 cases per 100,000 youths per year in 2002-2003 to 21.7 cases per 100,000 youths per year in 2011-2012, P=0.03). In adjusted pairwise comparisons, the annual rate of increase was greater among Hispanics than among non-Hispanic whites (4.2% vs. 1.2%, P<0.001). Overall unadjusted incidence rates of type 2 diabetes increased by 7.1% annually (from 9.0 cases per 100,000 youths per year in 2002-2003 to 12.5 cases per 100,000 youths per year in 2011-2012, P<0.001 for trend across race or ethnic group, sex, and age subgroups). Adjusted pairwise comparisons showed that the relative annual increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes among non-Hispanic whites (0.6%) was lower than that among non-Hispanic blacks, Asians or Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans (P<0.05 for all comparisons) and that the annual rate of increase among Hispanics differed significantly from that among Native Americans (3.1% vs. 8.9%, P=0.01). After adjustment for age, sex, and race or ethnic group, the relative annual increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes was 1.8% (P<0.001) and that of type 2 diabetes was 4.8% (P<0.001).
conclusionsThe incidences of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youths increased significantly in the 2002-2012 period, particularly among youths of minority racial and ethnic groups. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.