ArticleMalaria journal2017
Patterns of inflammatory responses and parasite tolerance vary with malaria transmission intensity.
Article in Malaria journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between interleukin-2 cytokine levels and Plasmodium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of Plasmodium infections and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in relation to disease severity.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Increased interleukin-6 levels associated with malaria infection and disease severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Differential Patterns of IgG Subclass Responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Development of clinical immunity to Plasmodium vivax following repeat controlled human malaria infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Plasmodium falciparum infection induces T cell tolerance that is associated with decreased disease severity upon re-infection.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum across areas of varied malaria transmission intensities in Uganda.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Antiplasmodial Screening of Phikud Navakot Formulation and In Vivo Evaluation, Toxicity, and Phytochemical Profiling of the PotentScientifica · 2025Article
- Assessing the burden of submicroscopic Plasmodium infections in a pre-elimination malaria setting in sub-Saharan Africa, Guinea-Bissau.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines mediate the progression of severe anemia in malaria-infected children: A prospective study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and clinical presentation in individuals exposed to endemic malaria.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Asymptomatic Low-Density Plasmodium falciparum Infections: Parasites Under the Host's Immune Radar?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- scRNA-seq reveals elevated interferon responses and TNF-α signaling via NFkB in monocytes in children with uncomplicated malaria.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of severe malaria in children in Ghana.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Histopathology and virulence of anVeterinary world · 2023Article
- Asymptomatic and submicroscopic Plasmodium infections in an area before and during integrated vector control in Homa Bay, western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic in the African continent.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Phenotypic characterization of GhanaianFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Malaria-induced bacteremia as a consequence of multiple parasite survival strategies.Current research in microbial sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn individuals living in malaria-endemic regions, parasitaemia thresholds for the onset of clinical symptoms vary with transmission intensity. The mechanisms that mediate this relationship are however, unclear. Since inflammatory responses to parasite infection contribute to the clinical manifestation of malaria, this study investigated inflammatory cytokine responses in children with malaria from areas of different transmission intensities (ranging from low to high).
methodsBlood samples were obtained from children confirmed with malaria at community hospitals in three areas with differing transmission intensities. Cytokine levels were assessed using the Luminex
resultsParasite density increased with increasing transmission intensity in children presenting to hospital with symptomatic malaria, indicating that the parasitaemia threshold for clinical malaria increases with increasing transmission intensity. Furthermore, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12, decreased with increasing transmission intensity, and correlated significantly with parasitaemia levels in the low transmission area but not in high transmission areas. Similarly, levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-7, IL-10 and IL-13, decreased with increasing transmission intensity, with IL-10 showing strong correlation with parasitaemia levels in the low transmission area. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that transmission intensity was a stronger predictor of cytokine levels than age, gender and parasitaemia.
conclusionTaken together, the data demonstrate a strong relationship between the prevailing transmission intensity, parasitaemia levels and the magnitude of inflammatory responses induced during clinical malaria.
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