Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28399802›Full record

SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2017

Efficacy and completion rates of rifapentine and isoniazid (3HP) compared to other treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review with network meta-analyses.

Christopher Pease, Brian Hutton, Fatemeh Yazdi, Dianna Wolfe, Candyce Hamel, Pauline Quach, Becky Skidmore, David Moher, Gonzalo G Alvarez

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative StudySystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment for Pregnant People With HIV in South Africa: A Modeling Analysis of Clinical Benefits and Risks.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christopher PeaseDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
Brian HuttonOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. bhutton@ohri.ca.
Fatemeh YazdiOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Dianna WolfeOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Candyce HamelOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Pauline QuachOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Becky SkidmoreOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
David MoherOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Gonzalo G AlvarezDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
Ottawa Hospital · CAOttawa Hospital Research Institute

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the efficacy and completion rates of treatments for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). While a previous review found newer, short-duration regimens to be effective, several included studies did not confirm LTBI, and analyses did not account for variable follow-up or assess completion.

methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, PubMed, and additional sources to identify RCTs in patients with confirmed LTBI that involved a regimen of interest and reported on efficacy or completion. Regimens of interest included isoniazid (INH) with rifapentine once weekly for 12 weeks (INH/RPT-3), 6 and 9 months of daily INH (INH-6; INH-9), 3-4 months daily INH plus rifampicin (INH/RFMP 3-4), and 4 months daily rifampicin alone (RFMP-4). NMAs were performed to compare regimens for both endpoints.

resultsSixteen RCTs (n = 44,149) and 14 RCTs (n = 44,128) were included in analyses of efficacy and completion. Studies were published between 1968 and 2015, and there was diversity in patient age and comorbidities. All regimens of interest except INH-9 showed significant benefits in preventing active TB compared to placebo. Comparisons between active regimens did not reveal significant differences. While definitions of regimen completion varied across studies, regimens of 3-4 months were associated with a greater likelihood of adequate completion.

conclusionsMost of the active regimens showed an ability to reduce the risk of active TB relative to no treatment, however important differences between active regimens were not found. Shorter rifamycin-based regimens may offer comparable benefits to longer INH regimens. Regimens of 3-4 months duration are more likely to be completed than longer regimens.

Indexed as

Antitubercular AgentsDrug Therapy, CombinationHumansIsoniazidLatent TuberculosisMaleRifampinTime FactorsAntitubercular AgentsIsoniazidRifampinrifapentineLatent tuberculosis infectionNetwork meta-analysisSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID28399802
PMCPMC5387294
OpenAlexW2607016958

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.