ArticleEthnicity & health2019
Perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms among US Latinos: the modifying role of educational attainment.
Article in Ethnicity & health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ethnic Discrimination and Heart-Focused Anxiety Among Hispanic Young Adults: Effects on Anxious Arousal, Depression, and Fatigue.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Nativity-Based Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents from Multicultural Families in South Korea: Socioeconomic Heterogeneity in Vulnerability.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Assessing the Association Between Discrimination and Alcohol Use by Gender Among Latino/a Immigrant Parents: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Navigating Adversity: Ethnoracial Discrimination, Family Support, and Psychotic Symptom Severity in US Latinx People with First Episode Psychosis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- An Exploration of Medical Mistrust, Trust, Perceived Discrimination and Associated Factors among Urban Arab and African American Emerging Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- The relationship between racial discrimination and white matter among Black older adults.Neurobiology of aging · 2025Article
- Intergenerational occupational mobility and health in the United States.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Gender differences in the association between pan-immune-inflammation value and probable depression: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Racial discrimination and mental health in the context of anti-Asian xenophobia: An intersecting approach of race, ethnicity, nativity, and socioeconomic status.SSM. Mental health · 2024Article
- Ethnicity and Parkinson's Disease: Motor and Nonmotor Features and Disease Progression in Latino Patients Living in Rural California.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Evaluating interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms as partial mediators of the effects of education on cognition: Evidence from the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Perceived Discrimination as a Critical Factor Affecting Self-Esteem, Satisfaction with Physical Appearance and Depression of Racial/Ethnic Minority Adolescents in Korea.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Optimism and Intolerance to Uncertainty May Mediate the Negative Effect of Discrimination on Mental Health in Migrant Population.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Perceived Discrimination and Injury at Work: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Latino Day Laborers.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2022Article
- Perceived discrimination and cognitive function among older Puerto Ricans in Boston: The mediating role of depression.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2022Article
- Are Experiences of Racial Discrimination Associated with Postpartum Depressive Symptoms? A Multistate Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Data.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022Article
- Discrimination and Health: The Mediating Effect of Acculturative Stress.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Psychological distress among Greater Jakarta area residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and community containment.Heliyon · 2021Article
- Differential Experiences of Mental Health among Trans/Gender Diverse Adults in Michigan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- "Abrazame Que Ayuda" (Hug Me, It Helps): Social Support and the Effect of Perceived Discrimination on Depression among US- and Foreign-Born Latinxs in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDespite growing evidence that discrimination may contribute to poor mental health, few studies have assessed this association among US Latinos. Furthermore, the interaction between discrimination and educational attainment in shaping Latino mental health is virtually unexplored. This study aims to examine the association between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms and the modifying role of education among a population of Mexican-origin adults.
designWe utilized population-based data from 629 Mexican-origin adults (mean age = 52.8 years) participating the Niños Lifestyle and Diabetes Study (2013-2014). Perceived discrimination was defined as responding 'sometimes' or 'often' to at least one item on the 9-item Everyday Discrimination Scale. High depressive symptoms were defined as scoring ≥10 on the CESD-10. We used log-binomial and linear-binomial models to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and prevalence differences (PD), respectively, of high depressive symptoms for levels of perceived discrimination. Final models were adjusted for age, sex, education, cultural orientation, and nativity. General estimating equations were employed to account for within-family clustering.
resultsPrevalence of perceived discrimination and high depressive symptoms were 49.5% and 29.2%, respectively. Participants experiencing discrimination had higher depressive symptom prevalence than those never or rarely experiencing discrimination [PR = 1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-2.58; PD = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.12-0.27]. The strength of this association varied by education level. The association between discrimination and depressive symptoms was stronger among those with >12 years of education (PR = 2.69; PD = 0.24) compared to those with ≤12 years of education (PR = 1.36; PD = 0.09).
conclusionUS Latinos suffer a high burden of depressive symptoms, and discrimination may be an important driver of this burden. Our results suggest that effortful coping strategies, such as achieving high education despite high perceived discrimination, may magnify discrimination's adverse effect on Latino mental health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.