ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2017
Brief Report: Hormonal Contraception Is Not Associated With Reduced ART Effectiveness Among Women Initiating ART: Evidence From Longitudinal Data.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- A practical clinical guide to counselling on and managing contraception, pre-conception planning, and menopause for women living with HIV.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2021Article
- Interactions between Hormonal Contraception and Anti-Retroviral Therapy: An Updated Review.Current obstetrics and gynecology reports · 2020Article
- Current and future contraceptive options for women living with HIV.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2018Review
- Hormonal Contraceptives Differentially Suppress TFV and TAF Inhibition of HIV Infection and TFV-DP in Blood and Genital Tract CD4+ T cells.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo explore the association between concomitant hormonal contraceptive and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and (1) plasma viral suppression and (2) genital HIV shedding among HIV-positive women initiating ART.
methodsWe analyzed plasma viral load and genital viral RNA shedding from 1079 HIV-positive women initiating ART who were followed prospectively in 3 sub-Saharan African HIV prevention studies. Plasma and endocervical swab samples were collected every 6 months. Self-reported contraceptive use was categorized into injectable, implant, oral, or nonhormonal/no contraception. We used multivariate Cox regression to assess time to plasma viral suppression and logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to assess genital viral shedding for each contraceptive method.
resultsAt the time of ART initiation, there were 211 (20%) injectable, 69 (6%) implant, 50 (5%) oral, and 749 (69%) nonhormonal or no method users. Plasma viral suppression was high (90% by 6 months) and hormonal contraceptives did not diminish time to plasma viral suppression as compared to nonhormonal/no methods [adjusted hazard ratios: injectables 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.75 to 1.07), implants 0.91 (0.68 to 1.23), and oral methods 1.33 (1.06 to 1.66)]. Genital viral shedding was uncommon any time after ART initiation (only 9% of samples had detectable viral shedding) and hormonal contraceptives were not associated with an increased detection of genital viral shedding [adjusted odds ratios: injectables 1.07 (0.69 to 1.65), implants 0.67 (0.31 to 1.49), and oral methods 0.56 (0.19 to 1.69)].
conclusionsThe hormonal contraceptives assessed were not associated with reduced ART effectiveness among HIV-positive women initiating ART. HIV-positive women should continue to be offered contraceptive options, including hormonal ones that best meet their needs.
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Registered trials
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