ReviewInternational ophthalmology2018
The correct diagnosis and therapeutic management of tear dysfunction: recommendations of the P.I.C.A.S.S.O. board.
Review in International ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06860659 (Efficacy of 0.28% Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops in Patient With Moderate to Severe Dry Eye), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of 0.28% Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops in Patient With Moderate to Severe Dry Eye : A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing the Ocular Surface Before, During, and After Glaucoma Surgery: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review on the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease: Insights from the Italian Dry Eye Consensus (IDEC) Group.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Diagnostic methods for managing dry eyes.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- Dry Eye Disease: From Causes to Patient Care and Clinical Collaboration-A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- One Soul and Several Faces of Evaporative Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- New advances in medical management of dry eye: optimizing treatment strategies for enhanced relief.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- The Management of Dry Eye Disease: Proceedings of Italian Dry Eye Consensus Group Using the Delphi Method.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) as Partaker in the Modulation of UV-Response in Cultured Human Conjunctival Fibroblasts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Special Issue "Managing Dry Eye Disease over Time: An Italian Consensus Conference".Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Putative Biomarkers in Tears for Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- The Enduring Experience in Dry Eye Diagnosis: A Non-Interventional Study Comparing the Experiences of Patients Living With and Without Sjögren's Syndrome.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2021Article
- Iatrogenic Dry Eye Disease: Dealing with the Conundrum of Post-Cataract Discomfort. A P.I.C.A.S.S.O. Board Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2021Review
- Modern approach to the treatment of dry eye, a complex multifactorial disease: a P.I.C.A.S.S.O. board review.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
- SARS-COV-2 and Ocular Surface: From Physiology to Pathology, a Route to Understand Transmission and Disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Development of In Vitro Corneal Models: Opportunity for Pharmacological Testing.Methods and protocols · 2020Review
- False Myths versus Medical Facts: Ten Common Misconceptions Related to Dry Eye Disease.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Randomized controlled trial of trehalose: An efficient autophagic bioprotectant in the management of dry eye disease.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo describe a standard approach to manage tear dysfunction (TD), in order to obtain a clinically favourable outcome. TD is a highly prevalent, yet largely underdiagnosed, condition that affects from 5 to 30% of the population above 50 years old. Left untreated, TD is associated with eye discomfort and ocular surface disease, substantially affecting quality of life. Although the prevalence of this problem is increasing significantly, a standard approach to its prevention and treatment is not available yet.
methodsIn September 2015, a team of Ocular Surface Italian Experts convened for a roundtable to discuss on the latest knowledge about diagnosis and treatments for TD and the real issues in the management of these patients. The discussion centred on the appropriate definition of TD, proposing a new classification of risk factors and how to identify them, how to make a correct diagnosis choosing the rational therapy (questionnaires, symptoms' time relation, seasonality, low tech diagnostic manoeuvres, specific tests for the detection of tear film disturbances leading to recognition of the level of disease and of the ocular system elements involved), which artificial tear matches the ideal profile for a rational therapy and which questions should be done to the patient.
resultsA multi-item flowchart for tear film dysfunction, with point-by-point explanatory guide, to better identify and manage the patient with this disorder is provided.
conclusionsThe growing prevalence of TD demands increased attention. An appropriate prevention and a treatment pattern for the patient, combined with greater patient-practitioner interaction, and patient education is offered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.