ArticleMedical microbiology and immunology2017
Performance of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV)-antibody tests: a comparative analysis based on samples from individuals with direct contact to domestic pigs or wild boar in Germany.
Article in Medical microbiology and immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The global epidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2020Pooled it
- Emerging zoonotic viral infections of occupational health importance.Pathogens and disease · 2019Pooled it
- Spatial variation in risk factors for anti-hepatitis E antibody titers in a population-based German study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection and Genetic Typing of Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Animals from Slovakia.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of acute hepatitis (1990-2021): a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease in 2021.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Hepatitis E and Potential Public Health Implications from a One-Health Perspective: Special Focus on the European Wild Boar (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Assessment of the Diagnostic Performance of Fully Automated Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Antibody Tests.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Ruminant Farmworkers: A Retrospective Study from Malaysia.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Hepatitis E virus in professionally exposed: A reason for concern?World journal of hepatology · 2021Review
- Evaluation of a Novel CLIA Monotest Assay for the Detection of Anti-Hepatitis E Virus-IgG and IgM: A Retrospective Comparison with a Line Blot and an ELISA.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Hepatitis E Virus RNA Presence in Wild Boar Carcasses at Slaughterhouses in Italy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Swine hepatitis E virus: Cross-species infection, pork safety and chronic infection.Virus research · 2020Review
- Liver Transudate, a Potential Alternative to Detect Anti-Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Pigs and Wild Boars (Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Hepatitis E Serology and Molecular Testing in a Large Cohort.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Molecular Characterization of HEV Genotype 3 in Italy at Human/Animal Interface.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Pathogenic mechanisms and current epidemiological status of HEV infection in asymptomatic blood donors and patients with chronic diseases.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Review
- Why all blood donations should be tested for hepatitis E virus (HEV).BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Hepatitis E virus strains infecting Swedish domestic pigs are unique for each pig farm and remain in the farm for at least 2 years.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2019Article
- Detection of HEV-specific antibodies in four non-human primate species, including great apes, from different zoos in Germany.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Europe, Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 causes most human infections, and domestic pigs and wild boar represent the main reservoirs. Contact to these animals represents one source of human infection. However, interpretation of studies is challenged in the absence of a serological gold standard. Hence, this study compared results of different HEV immunoassays. Plasma samples from 139 individuals who had professional contact to pigs (veterinarians, meat inspectors, slaughterhouse workers; n = 114) or hunted regularly (n = 25) were tested with assays specific for HEV IgG, HEV IgM, HEV IgA, and total HEV immunoglobulin as well as for viral RNA. Furthermore, overall HEV IgG was defined (i.e., two of three IgG assays reveal the same result) to compare serological findings. Borderline results were always quoted as positive. For IgG, apparent prevalence was higher in Wantai (48.2%) compared to Euroimmun (11.5%) and Mikrogen assays (17.3%) (p = 0.0001). The overall IgG prevalence was estimated to be 18.7%. For total Ig, Wantai (40.3%) also yielded higher prevalence than Euroimmun (15.8%) (p = 0.0001). The HEV IgM prevalence ranged from 0% (Euroimmun) to 4.3% (Mikrogen). Four percent of individuals tested IgA positive, whilst none harboured HEV RNA. Our results support previous studies that the higher IgG prevalence estimated with the Wantai assay result from a higher sensitivity of this test. However, further studies are needed to verify specificity given the challenge of defining true negative samples. The high percentage of individuals with HEV IgG observed in this study underlines that direct contact to pigs represents a risk factor for HEV infection.
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