ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2017
Association of CD4+ T-cell Count, HIV-1 RNA Viral Load, and Antiretroviral Therapy With Kaposi Sarcoma Risk Among HIV-infected Persons in the United States and Canada.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Viremia and Cancer Risk in 2.8 Million People: The South African HIV Cancer Match Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Plasma mcfDNA Sequencing May Improve Usual Care Diagnostics to Detect HHV-8 Among Outpatient People with Advanced HIV.Pathogens & immunity · 2024Article
- Incident Kaposi sarcoma during the expansion of antiretroviral therapy eligibility in Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Analyses of Kaposi Sarcoma trends among adults establishing initial outpatient HIV care in Nigeria: 2006-2017.Infectious agents and cancer · 2022Article
- Review
- Epidemiology of Kaposi's Sarcoma.Cancers · 2021Review
- Oral Kaposi sarcoma development is associated with HIV viral load, CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2021Article
- Evaluation of a collaborative model for successful implementation of a National CD4 enumeration EQA program in Cameroon.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Associations Between Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Ribonucleic Acid Levels and Incidence of Invasive Cancer in People With HIV After Initiation of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Risk of Cancer Among Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Article
- Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-Associated Cutaneous Kaposi's Sarcoma: Clinical, HIV-Related, and Sociodemographic Predictors of Outcome.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Utilizing electronic health record data to understand comorbidity burden among people living with HIV: a machine learning approach.AIDS (London, England) · 2021Article
- Antiretroviral therapy and Kaposi's sarcoma trends and outcomes among adults with HIV in Latin America.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Observational
- Association of Immunosuppression and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viremia With Anal Cancer Risk in Persons Living With HIV in the United States and Canada.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Article
- Nucleic acid testing and molecular characterization of HIV infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Review
- Association of immunosuppression and HIV viraemia with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk overall and by subtype in people living with HIV in Canada and the USA: a multicentre cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2019Article
- Immunotherapy in People With HIV and Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- What's new in HIV dermatology?F1000Research · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKaposi sarcoma (KS) remains common among HIV-infected persons. To better understand KS etiology and to help target prevention efforts, we comprehensively examined a variety of CD4 T-cell count and HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) measures, as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, to determine independent predictors of KS risk.
settingNorth American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design.
methodsWe followed HIV-infected persons during 1996-2009 from 18 cohorts. We used time-updated Cox regression to model relationships between KS risk and recent, lagged, trajectory, and cumulative CD4 count or VL measures, as well as ART use. We used Akaike's information criterion and global P values to derive a final model.
resultsIn separate models, the relationship between each measure and KS risk was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Our final mutually adjusted model included recent CD4 count [hazard ratio (HR) for <50 vs. ≥500 cells/μL = 12.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.5 to 23.8], recent VL (HR for ≥100,000 vs. ≤500 copies/mL = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.0 to 7.3), and cumulative (time-weighted mean) VL (HR for ≥100,000 vs. ≤500 copies/mL = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.0 to 5.9). Each P-trend was <0.0001. After adjusting for these measures, we did not detect an independent association between ART use and KS risk.
conclusionsOur results suggested a multifactorial etiology for KS, with early and late phases of development. The cumulative VL effect suggested that controlling HIV replication promptly after HIV diagnosis is important for KS prevention. We observed no evidence for direct anti-KS activity of ART, independent of CD4 count and VL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.